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Review
. 2015 May;14(5):749-62.
doi: 10.1586/14760584.2015.1001750. Epub 2015 Jan 19.

Polio endgame: the global introduction of inactivated polio vaccine

Affiliations
Review

Polio endgame: the global introduction of inactivated polio vaccine

Manish Patel et al. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2015 May.

Abstract

In 2013, the World Health Assembly endorsed a plan that calls for the ultimate withdrawal of oral polio vaccines (OPV) from all immunization programs globally. The withdrawal would begin in a phased manner with removal of the type 2 component of OPV in 2016 through a global switch from trivalent OPV to bivalent OPV (containing only types 1 and 3). To mitigate risks associated with immunity gaps after OPV type 2 withdrawal, the WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts has recommended that all 126 OPV-only using countries introduce at least one dose of inactivated polio vaccine into routine immunization programs by end-2015, before the trivalent OPV-bivalent OPV switch. The introduction of inactivated polio vaccine would reduce risks of reintroduction of type 2 poliovirus by providing some level of seroprotection, facilitating interruption of transmission if outbreaks occur, and accelerating eradication by boosting immunity to types 1 and 3 polioviruses.

Keywords: eradication; immunization; inactivated polio vaccine; oral polio vaccine; polio; poliomyelitis.

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