The coronavirus nucleocapsid is a multifunctional protein

doi:10.3390/v6082991

Review

. 2014 Aug 7;6(8):2991-3018.

doi: 10.3390/v6082991.

The coronavirus nucleocapsid is a multifunctional protein

Ruth McBride¹, Marjorie van Zyl², Burtram C Fielding³

Affiliations

¹ Molecular Biology and Virology Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Modderdam Road, Bellville, Western Cape 7535, South Africa. rmcbride@uwc.ac.za.
² Molecular Biology and Virology Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Modderdam Road, Bellville, Western Cape 7535, South Africa. 2917799@myuwc.ac.za.
³ Molecular Biology and Virology Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Modderdam Road, Bellville, Western Cape 7535, South Africa. bfielding@uwc.ac.za.

PMID: 25105276
PMCID: PMC4147684
DOI: 10.3390/v6082991

Review

The coronavirus nucleocapsid is a multifunctional protein

Ruth McBride et al. Viruses. 2014.

. 2014 Aug 7;6(8):2991-3018.

doi: 10.3390/v6082991.

Authors

Ruth McBride¹, Marjorie van Zyl², Burtram C Fielding³

Affiliations

¹ Molecular Biology and Virology Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Modderdam Road, Bellville, Western Cape 7535, South Africa. rmcbride@uwc.ac.za.
² Molecular Biology and Virology Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Modderdam Road, Bellville, Western Cape 7535, South Africa. 2917799@myuwc.ac.za.
³ Molecular Biology and Virology Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Modderdam Road, Bellville, Western Cape 7535, South Africa. bfielding@uwc.ac.za.

PMID: 25105276
PMCID: PMC4147684
DOI: 10.3390/v6082991

Abstract

The coronavirus nucleocapsid (N) is a structural protein that forms complexes with genomic RNA, interacts with the viral membrane protein during virion assembly and plays a critical role in enhancing the efficiency of virus transcription and assembly. Recent studies have confirmed that N is a multifunctional protein. The aim of this review is to highlight the properties and functions of the N protein, with specific reference to (i) the topology; (ii) the intracellular localization and (iii) the functions of the protein.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

**Figure 1**
Domain organization of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome human coronavirus (SARS-CoV) nucleocapsid protein. IDR (a.a. 1–44; 182–247; 366–422)—intrinsically disordered regions; NTD (a.a. 45–181)—N terminal domain; LKR (182–247)—linker region; CTD (248–365)—C-terminal domain. The charged SR rich (striated box) and the nuclear localization signal (NLS, solid box) motifs are shown [16,18,19].

See this image and copyright information in PMC

Cited by

Genetic and Phylogenetic Analysis of Feline Coronavirus in Guangxi Province of China from 2021 to 2024.
Shi K, He M, Shi Y, Long F, Shi Y, Yin Y, Pan Y, Li Z, Feng S. Shi K, et al. Vet Sci. 2024 Sep 25;11(10):455. doi: 10.3390/vetsci11100455. Vet Sci. 2024. PMID: 39453047 Free PMC article.
Genetic diversity and evolution of porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus in Guangxi province of China during 2021-2024.
Shi K, Hu X, Long F, Shi Y, Pan Y, Feng S, Li Z, Yin Y. Shi K, et al. Front Microbiol. 2024 Oct 9;15:1474552. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1474552. eCollection 2024. Front Microbiol. 2024. PMID: 39444682 Free PMC article.
First isolation of bovine coronavirus with a three-amino-acid deletion in the N gene causing severe respiratory and digestive disease in calve.
Li S, Yuan X, Mao L, Cai X, Xu X, Li J, Li B. Li S, et al. Front Microbiol. 2024 Oct 1;15:1466096. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1466096. eCollection 2024. Front Microbiol. 2024. PMID: 39411436 Free PMC article.
Phase Separation of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein with TDP-43 Is Dependent on C-Terminus Domains.
Strong MJ, McLellan C, Kaplanis B, Droppelmann CA, Junop M. Strong MJ, et al. Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Aug 12;25(16):8779. doi: 10.3390/ijms25168779. Int J Mol Sci. 2024. PMID: 39201466 Free PMC article.
RNA replication-independent, DNA linearization-dependent expression of reporter genes from a SARS-CoV-2 replicon-encoding DNA in human cells.
Friedhoff R, Elfayres G, Mérindol N, Desgagné-Penix I, Berthoux L. Friedhoff R, et al. PLoS One. 2024 Aug 16;19(8):e0300491. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300491. eCollection 2024. PLoS One. 2024. PMID: 39150942 Free PMC article.

See all "Cited by" articles

References

1. Graham R.L., Donaldson E.F., Baric R.S. A decade after SARS: Strategies for controlling emerging coronaviruses. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2013;11:836–848. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro3143. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Fielding B.C. Human coronavirus NL63: A clinically important virus? Future Microbiol. 2011;6:153–159. doi: 10.2217/fmb.10.166. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. The International Committee for Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) [(accessed on 27 June 2014)]. Available online: htp://talk.ictvonline.org/files/ictv_documents/m/msl/4090.aspx.
1. Lai M.M., Cavanagh D. The molecular biology of coronaviruses. Adv. Virus Res. 1997;48:1–100. - PMC - PubMed
1. Pyrc K., Berkhout B., van der Hoek L. The novel human coronaviruses NL63 and HKU1. J. Virol. 2007;81:3051–3057. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01466-06. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Publication types

Actions
Actions

MeSH terms

Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions

Substances

Actions
Actions

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
- The Lens - Patent Citations
- scite Smart Citations

[1] Graham R.L., Donaldson E.F., Baric R.S. A decade after SARS: Strategies for controlling emerging coronaviruses. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2013;11:836–848. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro3143. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[2] Graham R.L., Donaldson E.F., Baric R.S. A decade after SARS: Strategies for controlling emerging coronaviruses. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2013;11:836–848. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro3143. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[3] Fielding B.C. Human coronavirus NL63: A clinically important virus? Future Microbiol. 2011;6:153–159. doi: 10.2217/fmb.10.166. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[4] Fielding B.C. Human coronavirus NL63: A clinically important virus? Future Microbiol. 2011;6:153–159. doi: 10.2217/fmb.10.166. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[5] The International Committee for Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) [(accessed on 27 June 2014)]. Available online: htp://talk.ictvonline.org/files/ictv_documents/m/msl/4090.aspx.

[6] The International Committee for Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) [(accessed on 27 June 2014)]. Available online: htp://talk.ictvonline.org/files/ictv_documents/m/msl/4090.aspx.

[7] Lai M.M., Cavanagh D. The molecular biology of coronaviruses. Adv. Virus Res. 1997;48:1–100. - PMC - PubMed

[8] Lai M.M., Cavanagh D. The molecular biology of coronaviruses. Adv. Virus Res. 1997;48:1–100. - PMC - PubMed

[9] Pyrc K., Berkhout B., van der Hoek L. The novel human coronaviruses NL63 and HKU1. J. Virol. 2007;81:3051–3057. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01466-06. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[10] Pyrc K., Berkhout B., van der Hoek L. The novel human coronaviruses NL63 and HKU1. J. Virol. 2007;81:3051–3057. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01466-06. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Save citation to file

Email citation

Add to Collections

Add to My Bibliography

Your saved search

Create a file for external citation management software

Your RSS Feed

The coronavirus nucleocapsid is a multifunctional protein

Affiliations

The coronavirus nucleocapsid is a multifunctional protein

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Figures

Similar articles

Cited by

References

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Other Literature Sources

Abstract

Figures

Similar articles

Cited by

References

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

Related information

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Other Literature Sources