Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2014 Sep;201(3):365-9.
doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.04.019. Epub 2014 May 6.

Detection of respiratory viruses and Bordetella bronchiseptica in dogs with acute respiratory tract infections

B S Schulz  1 , S Kurz  2 , K Weber  2 , H-J Balzer  3 , K Hartmann  2
Affiliations

Detection of respiratory viruses and Bordetella bronchiseptica in dogs with acute respiratory tract infections

B S Schulz et al. Vet J. 2014 Sep.

Abstract

Canine infectious respiratory disease (CIRD) is an acute, highly contagious disease complex caused by a variety of infectious agents. At present, the role of viral and bacterial components as primary or secondary pathogens in CIRD is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of canine parainfluenza virus (CPIV), canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2), canine influenza virus (CIV), canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV), canine herpes virus-1 (CHV-1), canine distemper virus (CDV) and Bordetella bronchiseptica in dogs with CIRD and to compare the data with findings in healthy dogs. Sixty-one dogs with CIRD and 90 clinically healthy dogs from Southern Germany were prospectively enrolled in this study. Nasal and pharyngeal swabs were collected from all dogs and were analysed for CPIV, CAV-2, CIV, CRCoV, CHV-1, CDV, and B. bronchiseptica by real-time PCR. In dogs with acute respiratory signs, 37.7% tested positive for CPIV, 9.8% for CRCoV and 78.7% for B. bronchiseptica. Co-infections with more than one agent were detected in 47.9% of B. bronchiseptica-positive, 82.6% of CPIV-positive, and 100% of CRCoV-positive dogs. In clinically healthy dogs, 1.1% tested positive for CAV-2, 7.8% for CPIV and 45.6% for B. bronchiseptica. CPIV and B. bronchiseptica were detected significantly more often in dogs with CIRD than in clinically healthy dogs (P < 0.001 for each pathogen) and were the most common infectious agents in dogs with CIRD in Southern Germany. Mixed infections with several pathogens were common. In conclusion, clinically healthy dogs can carry respiratory pathogens and could act as sources of infection for susceptible dogs.

Keywords: Canine; Kennel cough; PCR; Respiratory disease; Tracheobronchitis.

PubMed Disclaimer

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. An D.J., Jeong W., Yoon S.H., Jeoung H.Y., Kim H.J., Park B.K. Genetic analysis of canine group 2 coronavirus in Korean dogs. Veterinary Microbiology. 2010;141:46–52. - PMC - PubMed
    1. An D.J., Jeoung H.Y., Jeong W., Chae S., Song D.S., Oh J.S., Park B.K. A serological survey of canine respiratory coronavirus and canine influenza virus in Korean dogs. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science. 2010;72:1217–1219. - PubMed
    1. Appel M.J., Binn L.N. Canine infectious tracheobronchitis. In: Appel M.J., editor. Virus Infections of Carnivores. Elsevier Science; Amsterdam, the Netherlands: 1987. pp. 201–211.
    1. Appel M.J., Percy D.H. SV5-like parainfluenza virus in dogs. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 1970;156:1778–1781. - PubMed
    1. Barrell E.A., Pecoraro H.L., Torres-Henderson C., Morley P.S., Lunn K.F., Landolt G.A. Seroprevalence and risk factors for canine H3N8 influenza virus exposure in household dogs in Colorado. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 2010;24:1524–1527. - PubMed

MeSH terms