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. 2014 Jun;7(6):2029-2034.
doi: 10.3892/ol.2014.1975. Epub 2014 Mar 14.

Identification of microRNA profiles in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cells during metastatic progression

Wei Chen  1 , Xiaoge Zhao  2 , Zhen Dong  1 , Gang Cao  1 , Senlin Zhang  1
Affiliations

Identification of microRNA profiles in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cells during metastatic progression

Wei Chen et al. Oncol Lett. 2014 Jun.

Abstract

Salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) is a common type of salivary gland cancer. The poor long-term prognosis of patients with SACC is primarily due to local recurrence, distant metastasis and perineural invasion. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as important post-transcriptional regulators, which are involved in various biological processes. The aim of the present study was to identify the miRNA expression profiles that are involved in the metastatic progression of SACC. Therefore, microarray technology was employed to identify miRNA expression profiles in an SACC cell line, ACC-2, and a highly metastatic SACC cell line, ACC-M, which was screened from ACC-2 by a combination of in vivo selection and cloning in vitro. Differences in miRNA expression were assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay. In addition, the potential target genes that are regulated by selected miRNAs were analyzed by various target prediction tools. The microarray data revealed that the levels of 38 miRNAs significantly differed between the ACC-M cells and the control ACC-2 cells. Six miRNAs (miR-4487, -4430, -486-3p, -5191, -3131 and -211-3p) were selected to validate the microarray data via qPCR. The expression of two miRNAs (miR-4487 and -4430) was significantly upregulated in the ACC-M cells, while the expression of two other miRNAs (miR-5191 and -3131) was significantly downregulated in the ACC-M cells. The potential target genes that were identified to be controlled by the six selected miRNAs were divided into four groups according to function, as follows: Apoptosis and proliferation (46 genes), cell cycle (30 genes), DNA damage and repair (24 genes) and signaling pathway (30 genes). The identification of microRNA expression profiles in highly metastatic SACC cells may provide an improved understanding of the mechanisms involved in metastatic progression, which would aid in the development of novel strategies for the treatment of SACC.

Keywords: adenoid cystic carcinoma; metastasis; microRNA profile.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Denaturing agarose gel electrophoresis of RNA isolated from the cell samples. There are three clear bands (28S, 18S and 5S). The brightness of the 28S band was approximately twice that of the 18S bank, suggestive of high quality RNA. ACC-M was screened from ACC-2 by a combination of in vivo selection and in vitro cloning. The size of marker bands are 100, 250, 500, 750, 1,000 and 2,000bp from the bottom to top.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Validation of microarray analysis data by qPCR for candidate miRNAs associated with metastatic progression of ACC-M cells. The expression levels of six miRNAs (miR-4487, -4430, -486-3p, -5191, -3131 and -211-3p) were determined by qPCR. Each qPCR assay was performed at least three times. miRNA, microRNA; qPCR, quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
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