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Review
. 2014 May 20:5:210.
doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00210. eCollection 2014.

Recent progress in research on cell-to-cell movement of rice viruses

Affiliations
Review

Recent progress in research on cell-to-cell movement of rice viruses

Akihiro Hiraguri et al. Front Microbiol. .

Abstract

To adapt to plants as hosts, plant viruses have evolutionally needed the capacity to modify the host plasmodesmata (PD) that connect adjacent cells. Plant viruses have acquired one or more genes that encode movement proteins (MPs), which facilitate the cell-to-cell movement of infectious virus entities through PD to adjacent cells. Because of the diversity in their genome organization and in their coding sequences, rice viruses may each have a distinct cell-to-cell movement strategy. The complexity of their unusual genome organizations and replication strategies has so far hampered reverse genetic research on their genome in efforts to investigate virally encoded proteins that are involved in viral movement. However, the MP of a particular virus can complement defects in cell-to-cell movement of other distantly related or even unrelated viruses. Trans-complementation experiments using a combination of a movement-defective virus and viral proteins of interest to identify MPs of several rice viruses have recently been successful. In this article, we reviewed recent research that has advanced our understanding of cell-to-cell movement of rice viruses.

Keywords: cell-to-cell movement; movement protein; rice; rice virus; trans-complementation experiment.

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Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Genome organization of rice dwarf virus (A), rice stripe virus (B), rice transitory yellowing virus (C), rice yellow mottle virus (D), rice tungro bacilliform virus (E), rice tungro spherical virus (F), and rice stripe necrosis virus (G). Lines represent the viral genomic segments. Blue boxes denote genes for structural proteins, green are for non-structural proteins, red are for movement proteins (MP). CP, Coat protein; NP, nucleocapsid protein; ORF, open reading frame; RdRp, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase; V, viral-sense strand; VC, viral-complementary-sense strand.

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