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. 2013 Jul 1;2(7):e24658.
doi: 10.4161/onci.24658. Epub 2013 Apr 30.

Neuroblastoma-related inflammation: May small doses of aspirin be suitable for small cancer patients?

Lena-Maria Carlson  1 , Per Kogner
Affiliations

Neuroblastoma-related inflammation: May small doses of aspirin be suitable for small cancer patients?

Lena-Maria Carlson et al. Oncoimmunology. .

Abstract

The daily intake of low-dose aspirin lowers the risk of several cancers among the adults. The continuous administration of low-dose aspirin to TH-MYCN mice (a model of pediatric neuroblastoma) delays tumor outgrowth and decreases tumor-promoting inflammation by inhibiting regulatory cells of the innate immune system as well as immunosuppressive mediators such as transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) and thromboxane A2. These findings pave novel avenues for the clinical management of neuroblastoma.

Keywords: MYCN; aspirin; cyclooxygenase 1; dendritic cell; myeloid-derived suppressor cell; neuroblastoma; prostaglandin D2; thromboxane A2; tumor-associated macrophage.

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Figures

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Figure 1. Immunological mechanisms underlying the antineoplastic effects of low-dose aspirin. By inactivating cyclooxygenase 1 (COX1) in platelets and/or tumor cells, the conversion of arachidonic acid into thromboxane A2 (TXA2) and prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) is reduced, leading to a decrease in the number of immature immune cells—including immature dendritic cells (iDCs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs)—that infiltrate neoplastic lesions, as well as in the expression of immunosuppressive mediators, such as transforming growth factor β (TGFβ). Ultimately, such immunomodulatory effects limit tumor growth, suggesting that low-dose aspirin might be successfully employed in combinatorial regimens to improve the therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapy.
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