Visualization of internalization of functionalized cobalt ferrite nanoparticles and their intracellular fate
- PMID: 23486857
- PMCID: PMC3592555
- DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S38749
Visualization of internalization of functionalized cobalt ferrite nanoparticles and their intracellular fate
Abstract
In recent years, nanoparticles (NPs) and related applications have become an intensive area of research, especially in the biotechnological and biomedical fields, with magnetic NPs being one of the promising tools for tumor treatment and as MRI-contrast enhancers. Several internalization and cytotoxicity studies have been performed, but there are still many unanswered questions concerning NP interactions with cells and NP stability. In this study, we prepared functionalized magnetic NPs coated with polyacrylic acid, which were stable in physiological conditions and which were also nontoxic short-term. Using fluorescence, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy, we were able to observe and determine the internalization pathways of polyacrylic acid-coated NPs in Chinese hamster ovary cells. With scanning electron microscopy we captured what might be the first step of NPs internalization - an endocytic vesicle in the process of formation enclosing NPs bound to the membrane. With fluorescence microscopy we observed that NP aggregates were rapidly internalized, in a time-dependent manner, via macropinocytosis and clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Inside the cytoplasm, aggregated NPs were found enclosed in acidified vesicles accumulated in the perinuclear region 1 hour after exposure, where they stayed for up to 24 hours. High intracellular loading of NPs in the Chinese hamster ovary cells was obtained after 24 hours, with no observable toxic effects. Thus polyacrylic acid-coated NPs have potential for use in biotechnological and biomedical applications.
Keywords: internalization; intracellular fate; magnetic nanoparticles; scanning electron microscopy; transmission electron microscopy.
Figures
Similar articles
-
Cell type-specific response to high intracellular loading of polyacrylic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles.Int J Nanomedicine. 2015 Feb 18;10:1449-62. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S76134. eCollection 2015. Int J Nanomedicine. 2015. PMID: 25733835 Free PMC article.
-
The impact of silica encapsulated cobalt zinc ferrite nanoparticles on DNA, lipids and proteins of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.Nanotoxicology. 2016 Aug;10(6):662-70. doi: 10.3109/17435390.2015.1107144. Epub 2015 Nov 18. Nanotoxicology. 2016. PMID: 26581309
-
Internalization of titanium dioxide nanoparticles by glial cells is given at short times and is mainly mediated by actin reorganization-dependent endocytosis.Neurotoxicology. 2015 Dec;51:27-37. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2015.08.013. Epub 2015 Sep 2. Neurotoxicology. 2015. PMID: 26340880
-
Intracellular imaging of quantum dots, gold, and iron oxide nanoparticles with associated endocytic pathways.Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol. 2017 Mar;9(2). doi: 10.1002/wnan.1419. Epub 2016 Jul 15. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol. 2017. PMID: 27418010 Review.
-
Handling of iron oxide and silver nanoparticles by astrocytes.Neurochem Res. 2013 Feb;38(2):227-39. doi: 10.1007/s11064-012-0930-y. Epub 2012 Dec 6. Neurochem Res. 2013. PMID: 23224777 Review.
Cited by
-
Importance of the electrophoresis and pulse energy for siRNA-mediated gene silencing by electroporation in differentiated primary human myotubes.Biomed Eng Online. 2024 May 16;23(1):47. doi: 10.1186/s12938-024-01239-7. Biomed Eng Online. 2024. PMID: 38750477 Free PMC article.
-
Cell type-specific response to high intracellular loading of polyacrylic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles.Int J Nanomedicine. 2015 Feb 18;10:1449-62. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S76134. eCollection 2015. Int J Nanomedicine. 2015. PMID: 25733835 Free PMC article.
-
Attachment of Cancer Urothelial Cells to the Bladder Epithelium Occurs on Uroplakin-Negative Cells and Is Mediated by Desmosomal and Not by Classical Cadherins.Int J Mol Sci. 2021 May 25;22(11):5565. doi: 10.3390/ijms22115565. Int J Mol Sci. 2021. PMID: 34070317 Free PMC article.
-
Semi-automated quantification of living cells with internalized nanostructures.J Nanobiotechnology. 2016 Jan 15;14:4. doi: 10.1186/s12951-015-0153-x. J Nanobiotechnology. 2016. PMID: 26768888 Free PMC article.
-
Proposing Urothelial and Muscle In Vitro Cell Models as a Novel Approach for Assessment of Long-Term Toxicity of Nanoparticles.Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Oct 13;21(20):7545. doi: 10.3390/ijms21207545. Int J Mol Sci. 2020. PMID: 33066271 Free PMC article.
References
-
- Stone V, Johnston H, Clift MJ. Air pollution, ultrafine and nanoparticle toxicology: cellular and molecular interactions. IEEE Trans Nanobioscience. 2007;6(4):331–340. - PubMed
-
- Zhang L, Gu FX, Chan JM, Wang AZ, Langer RS, Farokhzad OC. Nanoparticles in medicine: therapeutic applications and developments. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2008;83(5):761–769. - PubMed
-
- De M, Ghosh PS, Rotello VM. Applications of nanoparticles in biology. Adv Mater. 2008;20(22):4225–4241.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Miscellaneous