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Review
. 2013 Jan-Feb;4(1):18-23.
doi: 10.4161/trns.22601. Epub 2012 Nov 6.

Genomic occupancy of the transcriptional co-activators p300 and CBP

Per-Henrik Holmqvist  1 , Mattias Mannervik
Affiliations
Review

Genomic occupancy of the transcriptional co-activators p300 and CBP

Per-Henrik Holmqvist et al. Transcription. 2013 Jan-Feb.

Abstract

The p300 and CBP co-activators are histone acetylases and central regulators of transcription in metazoans. The genomic occupancy of p300/CBP detected by ChIP-seq experiments can be used to identify transcriptional enhancers. However, studies in Drosophila embryos suggest that there is a preference for some transcription factors in directing p300/CBP to the genome. Although p300/CBP occupancy in general correlates with gene activation, they can also be found at silent genomic regions, which does not result in histone acetylation. Polycomb-mediated H3K27me3 is associated with repression, but does not preclude p300/CBP binding. An antagonism between H3K27ac and H3K27me3 indicates that p300/CBP may be involved in switching between repressed and active chromatin states.

Keywords: CBP; ChIP-seq; Polycomb; enhancer; p300; transcription.

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Figures

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Figure 1. (A) Genes that are silenced by Polycomb-mediated H3K27me3 (K27me) can be occupied by p300/CBP. Association of p300/CBP with silent or poised transcriptional enhancers (with or without H3K27me3) does not result in histone acetylation. (B) At active genes, p300/CBP can acetylate histones on H3K27 (K27ac) and H3K18 (not shown), acetylate transcription factors (Ac), function as a scaffolds for recruiting other proteins, or help establish a preinitiation complex by interactions with TFIIB and hypophosphorylated RNA polymerase II.
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