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Review
. 2012:2012:612316.
doi: 10.1155/2012/612316. Epub 2012 Oct 2.

Rabbit and mouse models of HSV-1 latency, reactivation, and recurrent eye diseases

Jody M Webre  1 , James M Hill, Nicole M Nolan, Christian Clement, Harris E McFerrin, Partha S Bhattacharjee, Victor Hsia, Donna M Neumann, Timothy P Foster, Walter J Lukiw, Hilary W Thompson
Affiliations
Review

Rabbit and mouse models of HSV-1 latency, reactivation, and recurrent eye diseases

Jody M Webre et al. J Biomed Biotechnol. 2012.

Abstract

The exact mechanisms of HSV-1 establishment, maintenance, latency, reactivation, and also the courses of recurrent ocular infections remain a mystery. Comprehensive understanding of the HSV-1 disease process could lead to prevention of HSV-1 acute infection, reactivation, and more effective treatments of recurrent ocular disease. Animal models have been used for over sixty years to investigate our concepts and hypotheses of HSV-1 diseases. In this paper we present descriptions and examples of rabbit and mouse eye models of HSV-1 latency, reactivation, and recurrent diseases. We summarize studies in animal models of spontaneous and induced HSV-1 reactivation and recurrent disease. Numerous stimuli that induce reactivation in mice and rabbits are described, as well as factors that inhibit viral reactivation from latency. The key features, advantages, and disadvantages of the mouse and rabbit models in relation to the study of ocular HSV-1 are discussed. This paper is pertinent but not intended to be all inclusive. We will give examples of key papers that have reported novel discoveries related to the review topics.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
This figure depicts the linear HSV-1 strains 17 Syn+ noting specific regions of the genome. The abbreviations are as follows: TRL—terminal repeat long; TRS—terminal repeat short; UL—unique long; US—unique short; IRL—internal repeat long; IRS—internal repeat short. Note that LAT is in two regions of the HSV-1 genome (TRL and IRL). An 8.5 kb polyadenylated precursor is transcribed. Within the last domain are two very important immediate-early genes, ICP0 and ICP34.5. Also note the promoter, the CAP site, and a 2.0 kb intron. Further modification results in a 1.5 kb smaller intron.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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