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. 2012 Oct;20(10):2057-62.
doi: 10.1038/oby.2012.56. Epub 2012 Mar 8.

Diet-induced weight loss in overweight or obese women and changes in high-density lipoprotein levels and function

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Free PMC article

Diet-induced weight loss in overweight or obese women and changes in high-density lipoprotein levels and function

Brittany O Aicher et al. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2012 Oct.
Free PMC article

Abstract

Diet-induced weight loss in women may be associated with decreases not only in plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), but also in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Whether a decrease in HDL-C is associated with altered HDL function is unknown. One hundred overweight or obese women (age 46 ± 11 years, 60 black; 12 diabetic) were enrolled in the 6-month program of reduced fat and total energy diet and low-intensity exercise. Serum cholesterol efflux capacity was measured in (3)H-cholesterol-labeled BHK cells expressing ABCA1, ABCG1, or SR-B1 transporters and incubated with 1% apolipoprotein B (apoB)-depleted serum. Antioxidant properties of HDL were estimated by paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activation was measured by conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline in endothelial cells incubated with HDL from 49 subjects. Participants achieved an average weight loss of 2.2 ± 3.9 kg (P < 0.001), associated with reductions in both LDL-C (-6 ± 21 mg/dl, P = 0.004) and HDL-C (-3 ± 9 mg/dl, P = 0.016). Cholesterol efflux capacity by the ABCA1 transporter decreased by 10% (P = 0.006); efflux capacities by the ABCG1 and SR-B1 transporters were not significantly altered. ORAC decreased by 15% (P = 0.018); neither PON1 activity nor eNOS activation was significantly altered by reduction in HDL-C. Findings were similar for diabetic and nondiabetic subjects. Diet-induced weight loss in overweight or obese women is associated with a decrease in HDL-C levels, but overall HDL function is relatively spared, suggesting that decrease in HDL-C in this setting is not deleterious to cardiovascular risk.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Comparison of baseline and 6-month cholesterol efflux in apolipoprotein-B-depleted serum samples by ABCA1, ABCG1, and SR-B1 transporters expressed in stably transfected BHK cell lines. All values are adjusted to the efflux capacity of pooled serum from healthy subjects. Data are expressed as mean values and SEM.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Comparison of baseline and 6-month antioxidant properties of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay (ORAC) was used in samples following HDL isolation by density gradient ultracentrifugation and normalized to the cholesterol content of the sample. Results are reported as antioxidant activity in Trolox equivalents. Paraoxonose-1 activity (PON1) was determined using spectrophotometric measurement of rate of cleavage of phenyl acetate to produce phenol in serum samples, and is expressed as kU/l of the sample. Data are expressed as mean values and SEM.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Comparison of baseline 6-month endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity in endothelial cells by measuring [3H]L-arginine conversion to [3H]L-citrulline. All testing was performed on a serum sample aliquot containing 100 µg apolipoprotein A-I: Results are reported as fold-increase over basal activity. Data are expressed as mean values and SEM.

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