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Review
. 2012 Jan;8(1):89-100.
doi: 10.2217/fca.11.76.

Targeting cardiovascular disease with novel SIRT1 pathways

Zhao Zhong Chong  1 , Shaohui Wang, Yan Chen Shang, Kenneth Maiese
Affiliations
Review

Targeting cardiovascular disease with novel SIRT1 pathways

Zhao Zhong Chong et al. Future Cardiol. 2012 Jan.

Abstract

Sirtuin (the mammalian homolog of silent information regulation 2 of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae) 1 (SIRT1), a NAD-dependent histone deacetylase, has emerged as a critical regulator in response to oxidative stress. Through antagonism of oxidative stress-induced cell injury and through the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis in the body, SIRT1 can block vascular system injury. SIRT1 targets multiple cellular proteins, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ and its coactivator-1α, forkhead transcriptional factors, AMP-activated protein kinase, NF-κB and protein tyrosine phosphatase to modulate intricate cellular pathways of multiple diseases. In the cardiovascular system, activation of SIRT1 can not only protect against oxidative stress at the cellular level, but can also offer increased survival at the systemic level to limit coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. Future knowledge regarding SIRT1 and its novel pathways will open new directions for the treatment of cardiovascular disease as well as offer the potential to limit disability from several related disorders.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Cell signaling of SIRT1 leads to cardiovascular protection
SIRT1 targets forkhead family member (FoxOs) to result in manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and the growth arrest and DNA damage (GADD45) expression to resist oxidative stress. Other SIRT1 substrates include peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) and its coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-α (PPARα), AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK), p53, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). The outcomes of regulating these signaling pathways by SIRT1 include protection of cardiomyocyte and endothelial cells, balance of lipid metabolism, inhibition of inflammation and atherosclerotic formation, and inhibition of cardiac hypertrophy.
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