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. 2011 Feb 1;10(3):392-5.
doi: 10.4161/cc.10.3.14644. Epub 2011 Feb 1.

Gene positioning is regulated by phosphorylation of the nuclear pore complex by Cdk1

Donna Garvey Brickner  1 , Jason H Brickner
Affiliations

Gene positioning is regulated by phosphorylation of the nuclear pore complex by Cdk1

Donna Garvey Brickner et al. Cell Cycle. .

Abstract

In yeast, many genes are targeted to the nuclear periphery through interaction with the Nuclear Pore Complex upon activation. Targeting requires nucleoporin proteins and DNA elements in the promoters of these genes. We have recently found that targeting is regulated through the cell cycle. Immediately following the initiation of DNA replication, active genes lose peripheral localization for ~30 minutes. This regulation is mediated by cyclic phosphorylation of a nucleoporin by Cdk1. Some genes that are targeted to the nuclear periphery upon activation remain at the nuclear periphery after repression, a phenomenon called transcriptional memory. Curiously, the mechanism that regulates localization of active genes to the nuclear periphery does not regulate the localization of the same genes after repression, suggesting that these genes are targeted by two distinct mechanisms. Finally, the localization of other parts of the genome that localize at the nuclear periphery seem to be regulated by a distinct mechanism, suggesting that the spatial organization of the genome is tightly coupled to the progression of the cell cycle.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Gene localization throughout the cell cycle. (A) Representative images of yeast cells labeled with GFP-Lac I (green) and Sec63-myc (red), classified as either nucleoplasmic or peripheral. Scale bar = 1 µm. (B) the localization of the HSP104 gene with respect to the nuclear periphery was quantified in populations of cells grown at 22°C or heat shocked at 37°C for 20 minutes. (C) Schematic representation of the staining of cells and gene positioning during the stages of the cell cycle: unbudded (G1), small-budded (S) and large-budded cells (G2/M). (D) the localization of HSP104 gene was quantified under activating conditions in unbudded, small-budded or large-budded cells from an asynchronous culture. In (B and D) the hatched line represents the level of colocalization of the lac repressor spot with the nuclear envelope predicted by chance.
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