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. 2010 Sep 24;15(9):377-82.
doi: 10.1186/2047-783x-15-9-377.

Simian virus 40 inhibits differentiation and maturation of rhesus macaque DC-SIGN(+) dendritic cells

C Changyong  1 , M Sun, H Li, N Brockmeyer, Nan Ping Wu
Affiliations

Simian virus 40 inhibits differentiation and maturation of rhesus macaque DC-SIGN(+) dendritic cells

C Changyong et al. Eur J Med Res. .

Abstract

Dendritic cells (DC) are the initiators and modulators of the immune responses. Some species of pathogenic microorganisms have developed immune evasion strategies by controlling antigen presentation function of DC. Simian virus 40 (SV40) is a DNA tumor virus of rhesus monkey origin. It can induce cell transformation and tumorigenesis in many vertebrate species, but often causes no visible effects and persists as a latent infection in rhesus monkeys under natural conditions. To investigate the interaction between SV40 and rhesus monkey DC, rhesus monkey peripheral blood monocyte-derived DC were induced using recombinant human Interleukin-4 (rhIL-4) and infective SV40, the phenotype and function of DC-specific intracellular adhesion molecule-3 grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN)(+) DC were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM) and mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). Results showed that SV40 can down-regulate the expression of CD83 and CD86 on DC and impair DC-induced activation of T cell proliferation. These findings suggest that SV40 might also cause immune suppression by influencing differentiation and maturation of DC.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Morphology of rhesus macaque monocyte-derived DC. (A) Cell colonies of dendritic cell precursors of antigen-untreated group on day 3 of culture (magnification, × 400). (B) Morphology of DC of inactivated SV40-treated group on day 9 of culture (magnification, × 400). (C) Morphology of DC of inactivated SV40-treated group on day 12 of culture (magnification, × 2500). (D) Cell colonies of dendritic cell precursors of antigen-untreated group on day 9 of culture (magnification, × 400). (E) Morphology of DC of infective SV40-treated group on day 9 of culture (magnification, × 400). (F) Morphology of DC of infective SV40-treated group on day 12 of culture (magnification, × 1200).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Expression of CD83, CD209 on DC cell surface of antigen-untreated group. (A) Expression of CD83 on DC cell surface of antigen-untreated group at day 9 culture (the dotted line, isotype control; the solid line, CD83 labeling). (B) Expression of CD209 on DC cell surface of antigen-untreated group at day 9 culture (the dotted line, isotype control; the solid line, CD209 labeling).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Expression of HLA-DR, CD1a, CD86, CD83 on cell surface of antigen-treated DC. G1, antigen-untreated group; G2, inactivated SV40-treated group; G3, infective SV40-treated group. (A) Expression of HLADR on rhesus macaque DC. (B) Expression of CD1a on rhesus ma caque DC. (C) Expression of CD86 on rhesus macaque DC. (D) Expression of CD83 on rhesus macaque DC.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Cell proliferation effect of auto T cell activated by DC in mixed lymphocyte reaction. cpm, counts per minute; G2, inactivated SV40-treated group; G3, infective SV40-treated group.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Il-12 secreting spot forming cell (SFC) frequency in inactivated and infective SV40-treated group. G2, inactivated SV40-treated group; G3, infective SV40-treated group.
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