Systemic T-helper and T-regulatory cell type cytokine responses in rhinovirus vs. respiratory syncytial virus induced early wheezing: an observational study

doi:10.1186/1465-9921-10-85

Comparative Study

. 2009 Sep 25;10(1):85.

doi: 10.1186/1465-9921-10-85.

Systemic T-helper and T-regulatory cell type cytokine responses in rhinovirus vs. respiratory syncytial virus induced early wheezing: an observational study

Tuomas Jartti¹, Maria Paul-Anttila, Pasi Lehtinen, Vilhelmiina Parikka, Tytti Vuorinen, Olli Simell, Olli Ruuskanen

Affiliations

PMID: 19781072
PMCID: PMC2762974
DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-10-85

Comparative Study

Systemic T-helper and T-regulatory cell type cytokine responses in rhinovirus vs. respiratory syncytial virus induced early wheezing: an observational study

Tuomas Jartti et al. Respir Res. 2009.

. 2009 Sep 25;10(1):85.

doi: 10.1186/1465-9921-10-85.

Authors

Tuomas Jartti¹, Maria Paul-Anttila, Pasi Lehtinen, Vilhelmiina Parikka, Tytti Vuorinen, Olli Simell, Olli Ruuskanen

Affiliation

¹ Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. tuomas.jartti@utu.fi

PMID: 19781072
PMCID: PMC2762974
DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-10-85

Abstract

Background: Rhinovirus (RV) associated early wheezing has been recognized as an independent risk factor for asthma. The risk is more important than that associated with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease. No comparative data are available on the immune responses of these diseases.

Objective: To compare T-helper1 (Th1), Th2 and T-regulatory (Treg) cell type cytokine responses between RV and RSV induced early wheezing.

Methods: Systemic Th1-type (interferon [IFN] -gamma, interleukin [IL] -2, IL-12), Th2-type (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13) and Treg-type (IL-10) cytokine responses were studied from acute and convalescence phase serum samples of sole RV (n = 23) and RSV affected hospitalized wheezing children (n = 27). The pre-defined inclusion criteria were age of 3-35 months and first or second wheezing episode. Analysis was adjusted for baseline differences. Asymptomatic children with comparable demographics (n = 11) served as controls for RV-group.

Results: RV-group was older and had more atopic characteristics than RSV-group. At acute phase, RV-group had higher (fold change) IL-13 (39-fold), IL-12 (7.5-fold), IFN-gamma (6.0-fold) and IL-5 (2.8-fold) concentrations than RSV-group and higher IFN-gamma (27-fold), IL-2 (8.9-fold), IL-5 (5.6-fold) and IL-10 (2.6-fold) than the controls. 2-3 weeks later, RV-group had higher IFN-gamma (>100-fold), IL-13 (33-fold) and IL-10 (6.5-fold) concentrations than RSV-group and higher IFN-gamma (15-fold) and IL-2 (9.4-fold) than the controls. IL-10 levels were higher in acute phase compared to convalescence phase in both infections (p < 0.05 for all).

Conclusion: Our results support a hypothesis that RV is likely to trigger wheezing mainly in children with a predisposition. IL-10 may have important regulatory function in acute viral wheeze.

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References

1. Khetsuriani N, Kazerouni NN, Erdman DD, Lu X, Redd SC, Anderson LJ, Teague WG. Prevalence of viral respiratory tract infections in children with asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007;119:314–321. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.08.041. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Jartti T, Waris M, Niesters HG, Allander T, Ruuskanen O. Respiratory viruses and acute asthma in children. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007;120(1):216. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.02.025. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Rakes GP, Arruda E, Ingram JM, Hoover GE, Zambrano JC, Hayden FG, Platts-Mills TA, Heymann PW. Rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in wheezing children requiring emergency care. IgE and eosinophil analyses. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;159(3):785–790. - PubMed
1. Jartti T, Lehtinen P, Vuorinen T, Osterback R, Hoogen B van den, Osterhaus AD, Ruuskanen O. Respiratory picornaviruses and respiratory syncytial virus are the major causative agents of acute expiratory wheezing in children. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004;10(6):1095–1101. - PMC - PubMed
1. Kusel MM, de Klerk NH, Kebadze T, Vohma V, Holt PG, Johnston SL, Sly PD. Early-life respiratory viral infections, atopic sensitization, and risk of subsequent development of persistent asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007;119(5):1105–1110. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.12.669. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

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[1] Khetsuriani N, Kazerouni NN, Erdman DD, Lu X, Redd SC, Anderson LJ, Teague WG. Prevalence of viral respiratory tract infections in children with asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007;119:314–321. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.08.041. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[2] Khetsuriani N, Kazerouni NN, Erdman DD, Lu X, Redd SC, Anderson LJ, Teague WG. Prevalence of viral respiratory tract infections in children with asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007;119:314–321. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.08.041. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[3] Jartti T, Waris M, Niesters HG, Allander T, Ruuskanen O. Respiratory viruses and acute asthma in children. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007;120(1):216. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.02.025. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[4] Jartti T, Waris M, Niesters HG, Allander T, Ruuskanen O. Respiratory viruses and acute asthma in children. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007;120(1):216. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.02.025. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[5] Rakes GP, Arruda E, Ingram JM, Hoover GE, Zambrano JC, Hayden FG, Platts-Mills TA, Heymann PW. Rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in wheezing children requiring emergency care. IgE and eosinophil analyses. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;159(3):785–790. - PubMed

[6] Rakes GP, Arruda E, Ingram JM, Hoover GE, Zambrano JC, Hayden FG, Platts-Mills TA, Heymann PW. Rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in wheezing children requiring emergency care. IgE and eosinophil analyses. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;159(3):785–790. - PubMed

[7] Jartti T, Lehtinen P, Vuorinen T, Osterback R, Hoogen B van den, Osterhaus AD, Ruuskanen O. Respiratory picornaviruses and respiratory syncytial virus are the major causative agents of acute expiratory wheezing in children. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004;10(6):1095–1101. - PMC - PubMed

[8] Jartti T, Lehtinen P, Vuorinen T, Osterback R, Hoogen B van den, Osterhaus AD, Ruuskanen O. Respiratory picornaviruses and respiratory syncytial virus are the major causative agents of acute expiratory wheezing in children. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004;10(6):1095–1101. - PMC - PubMed

[9] Kusel MM, de Klerk NH, Kebadze T, Vohma V, Holt PG, Johnston SL, Sly PD. Early-life respiratory viral infections, atopic sensitization, and risk of subsequent development of persistent asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007;119(5):1105–1110. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.12.669. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[10] Kusel MM, de Klerk NH, Kebadze T, Vohma V, Holt PG, Johnston SL, Sly PD. Early-life respiratory viral infections, atopic sensitization, and risk of subsequent development of persistent asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007;119(5):1105–1110. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.12.669. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

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Systemic T-helper and T-regulatory cell type cytokine responses in rhinovirus vs. respiratory syncytial virus induced early wheezing: an observational study

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Systemic T-helper and T-regulatory cell type cytokine responses in rhinovirus vs. respiratory syncytial virus induced early wheezing: an observational study

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