Wild poliovirus type 1 and type 3 importations--15 countries, Africa, 2008-2009
- PMID: 19373195
Wild poliovirus type 1 and type 3 importations--15 countries, Africa, 2008-2009
Abstract
The Global Polio Eradication Initiative began in 1988; by 2006, indigenous transmission of wild poliovirus (WPV) type 2 infection had been interrupted globally, and indigenous transmission of type 1 and 3 (WPV1 and WPV3) infection had been interrupted in all but four countries worldwide (Afghanistan, India, Nigeria, and Pakistan). Despite this success in controlling indigenous transmission, during 2002-2006, 20 previously polio-free countries in Africa and Asia had importations of WPV1 originating from Nigeria, and three polio-free countries in Africa had WPV1 importations originating from India. By the end of 2007, control efforts in all countries except Angola, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Niger, and Sudan had stopped transmission of WPV1 caused by these importations. However, during 2008-2009, multiple importations of WPV from countries with ongoing transmission resumed in Africa. This report describes 32 WPV importations into 15 African countries, resulting in 96 polio cases during January 2008-March 2009 and persistent WPV transmission in five previously polio-free African countries. As with the 2002-2006 resurgence, all of the importations originated from Nigeria or India, but more rapid WPV identification and response resulted in substantially fewer polio cases than reported during 2002-2006. Sensitive surveillance and continued rapid response supplemental immunization activities (SIAs) are key to limiting further WPV spread, interrupting the outbreaks, and allowing the polio prevention focus in Africa to return to eradicating polio in countries with persistent WPV transmission.
Similar articles
-
Progress toward interruption of wild poliovirus transmission--worldwide, January 2010-March 2011.MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011 May 13;60(18):582-6. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011. PMID: 21566559
-
Progress toward interrupting wild poliovirus circulation in countries with reestablished transmission--Africa, 2009-2010.MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011 Mar 18;60(10):306-11. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011. PMID: 21412212
-
Progress toward interruption of wild poliovirus transmission--worldwide, 2008.MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2009 Apr 3;58(12):308-12. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2009. PMID: 19343011
-
The global polio eradication initiative: lessons learned and prospects for success.Vaccine. 2011 Dec 30;29 Suppl 4:D80-5. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.10.005. Vaccine. 2011. PMID: 22486981 Review.
-
Polio eradication in the World Health Organization African Region, 2008-2012.J Infect Dis. 2014 Nov 1;210 Suppl 1:S23-39. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiu408. J Infect Dis. 2014. PMID: 25316840 Review.
Cited by
-
Poliovirus-Neutralizing Antibody Seroprevalence and Vaccine Habits in a Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus Outbreak Region in the Democratic Republic of Congo in 2018: The Impact on the Global Eradication Initiative.Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Feb 27;12(3):246. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12030246. Vaccines (Basel). 2024. PMID: 38543880 Free PMC article.
-
Historical reconstruction of inaccessibility status in Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Borno and Yobe States, Nigeria, 2010-2020.Pan Afr Med J. 2023 Jul 14;45(Suppl 2):7. doi: 10.11604/pamj.supp.2023.45.2.39332. eCollection 2023. Pan Afr Med J. 2023. PMID: 38370102 Free PMC article.
-
Effective partnership and in-country resource mobilization in Sudan for cVDPV2 outbreak response amid multiple emergencies in 2020-2021.BMC Public Health. 2024 Jan 19;24(1):235. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-15675-y. BMC Public Health. 2024. PMID: 38243167 Free PMC article.
-
Conducting public health surveillance in areas of armed conflict and restricted population access: a qualitative case study of polio surveillance in conflict-affected areas of Borno State, Nigeria.Confl Health. 2022 May 7;16(1):20. doi: 10.1186/s13031-022-00452-2. Confl Health. 2022. PMID: 35526017 Free PMC article.
-
Sero-survey of polio antibodies and quality of acute flaccid paralysis surveillance in Chongqing, China: A cross-sectional study.Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Jul 31;99(31):e21298. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000021298. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020. PMID: 32756110 Free PMC article.
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical
Research Materials