Cytokinesis and the establishment of early embryonic cell polarity
- PMID: 18481964
- DOI: 10.1042/BST0360384
Cytokinesis and the establishment of early embryonic cell polarity
Abstract
Cleavage divisions in many animals form a blastula made up of a simple polarized epithelium. This simple embryonic epithelium possesses an apical surface covered with microvilli and primary cilia separated from the basolateral surfaces by cell-cell junctions. The apical membrane proteins and lipids differ from those of the basolateral on these embryonic epithelial cells, as is found in adult epithelial cells. Formation of cell polarity in embryos at fertilization, including those from both protostomes and deuterostomes, uses the same molecules and signalling machinery as do polarizing epithelial cells that polarize upon cell-cell contact. In addition, the actin-myosin cytoskeleton plays an integral role in establishment and maintenance of this early cell polarity. However, early cleaving blastomeres from higher organisms including echinoderms and vertebrates have not been considered to exhibit cell polarity until formation of junctions at the third through to the fifth cleavage divisions. The role of new membrane addition into the late cleavage furrow during the early rounds of cytokinesis may play a key role in the early establishment of cell polarity in all animal embryos.
Similar articles
-
Cell polarity emerges at first cleavage in sea urchin embryos.Dev Biol. 2009 Jun 1;330(1):12-20. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2009.02.039. Epub 2009 Mar 17. Dev Biol. 2009. PMID: 19298809
-
Epithelial cell polarity in early Xenopus development.Dev Dyn. 1995 Apr;202(4):405-20. doi: 10.1002/aja.1002020410. Dev Dyn. 1995. PMID: 7626797
-
Asters play only a dispensable role in the induction of the cleavage furrow in the blastomeres of early Xenopus embryos.Dev Growth Differ. 2004 Aug;46(4):371-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-169x.2004.00754.x. Dev Growth Differ. 2004. PMID: 15367205
-
Shaping the vertebrate body plan by polarized embryonic cell movements.Science. 2002 Dec 6;298(5600):1950-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1079478. Science. 2002. PMID: 12471247 Review.
-
Composition and formation of intercellular junctions in epithelial cells.Science. 2002 Dec 6;298(5600):1955-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1072161. Science. 2002. PMID: 12471248 Review.
Cited by
-
Klotho Exerts an Emerging Role in Cytokinesis.Genes (Basel). 2020 Sep 4;11(9):1048. doi: 10.3390/genes11091048. Genes (Basel). 2020. PMID: 32899868 Free PMC article.
-
Independent specialisation of myosin II paralogues in muscle vs. non-muscle functions during early animal evolution: a ctenophore perspective.BMC Evol Biol. 2012 Jul 2;12:107. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-12-107. BMC Evol Biol. 2012. PMID: 22747595 Free PMC article.
-
Lipid rafts enriched in monosialylGb5Cer carrying the stage-specific embryonic antigen-4 epitope are involved in development of mouse preimplantation embryos at cleavage stage.BMC Dev Biol. 2011 Apr 14;11:22. doi: 10.1186/1471-213X-11-22. BMC Dev Biol. 2011. PMID: 21489308 Free PMC article.
-
Polarity proteins are required for left-right axis orientation and twin-twin instruction.Genesis. 2012 Mar;50(3):219-34. doi: 10.1002/dvg.20825. Epub 2011 Dec 27. Genesis. 2012. PMID: 22086838 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
