Risk management in a polio-free world
- PMID: 17184391
- DOI: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2006.00840.x
Risk management in a polio-free world
Abstract
Inherent in the decision to launch the Global Polio Eradication Initiative in 1988 was the expectation for many people that immunization against poliomyelitis would eventually simply stop, as had been the case with smallpox following its eradication in 1977. However, the strategies for managing the risks associated with a "polio-free" world must be continuously refined to reflect new developments, particularly in our understanding of the live polioviruses in the oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) and in the international approach to managing potential biohazards. The most important of these developments has been the confirmation in 2000 that vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs) can circulate and cause polio outbreaks, making the use of OPV after interruption of wild poliovirus transmission incompatible with a polio-free world. A comprehensive strategy has been developed to minimize the risks associated with eventual OPV cessation, centered on appropriate long-term biocontainment of poliovirus stocks (whether for vaccine production, diagnosis, or research), the controlled reintroduction of any live poliovirus vaccine (i.e., from an OPV stockpile), and appropriate use of the inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV). Although some aspects of this risk management strategy are still debated, there is wide agreement that no strategy would entirely eliminate the potential risks to a polio-free world. The current strategy for risk management in a polio-free world will continue to evolve with better characterization of these risks and the development of more effective approaches both to reduce those risks and to limit their consequences should they occur.
Similar articles
-
[End phase challenges of poliomyelitis eradication programme realization].Przegl Epidemiol. 2005;59(1):59-68. Przegl Epidemiol. 2005. PMID: 16013411 Review. Polish.
-
A vision of a world without polio: the OPV cessation strategy.Biologicals. 2006 Jun;34(2):75-9. doi: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2006.03.005. Epub 2006 May 8. Biologicals. 2006. PMID: 16682224
-
World wide experience with inactivated poliovirus vaccine.Vaccine. 2008 Sep 15;26(39):4978-83. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.07.026. Epub 2008 Aug 3. Vaccine. 2008. PMID: 18680777 Review.
-
Strengths and weaknesses of current polio vaccines--a view from industry.Dev Biol (Basel). 2001;105:61-6. Dev Biol (Basel). 2001. PMID: 11763338
-
Polio eradication: the OPV paradox.Rev Med Virol. 2003 Sep-Oct;13(5):277-91. doi: 10.1002/rmv.401. Rev Med Virol. 2003. PMID: 12931339 Review.
Cited by
-
[Failure of poliomyelitis eradication campaign with oral vaccine: there's no vaccination without adherence].Med Trop Sante Int. 2023 Nov 16;3(4):mtsi.v3i4.2023.402. doi: 10.48327/mtsi.v3i4.2023.402. eCollection 2023 Dec 31. Med Trop Sante Int. 2023. PMID: 38390018 Free PMC article. French.
-
Vaccine Refusal: A Major, Underestimated Obstacle for the Poliomyelitis Eradication Initiative.Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2023 May 15;109(1):6-9. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0154. Print 2023 Jul 5. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2023. PMID: 37188348 Free PMC article.
-
Polio health economics: assessing the benefits and costs of polio, non-polio, and integrated activities of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative.Gates Open Res. 2022 Feb 3;6:5. doi: 10.12688/gatesopenres.13524.1. eCollection 2022. Gates Open Res. 2022. PMID: 35280345 Free PMC article.
-
A review of toolkits and case definitions for detecting enteric fever outbreaks in Asian and African countries from 1965-2019.J Glob Health. 2021 May 29;11:04031. doi: 10.7189/jogh.11.04031. J Glob Health. 2021. PMID: 34131486 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Safety and Immunogenicity of a New Inactivated Polio Vaccine Made From Sabin Strains: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Active-Controlled, Phase 2/3 Seamless Study.J Infect Dis. 2022 Aug 24;226(2):308-318. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa770. J Infect Dis. 2022. PMID: 33351072 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical