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Comparative Study
. 2006 Oct;85(10):950-4.
doi: 10.1177/154405910608501016.

Controlled release of chlorhexidine from UDMA-TEGDMA resin

K J Anusavice  1 , N-Z Zhang, C Shen
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Controlled release of chlorhexidine from UDMA-TEGDMA resin

K J Anusavice et al. J Dent Res. 2006 Oct.

Abstract

Chlorhexidine salts are available in various formulations for dental applications. This study tested the hypothesis that the release of chlorhexidine from a urethane dimethacrylate and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate resin system can be effectively controlled by the chlorhexidine diacetate content and pH. The filler concentrations were 9.1, 23.1, or 33.3 wt%, and the filled resins were exposed to pH 4 and pH 6 acetate buffers. The results showed that Fickian diffusion was the dominant release mechanism. The rates of release were significantly higher in pH 4 buffer, which was attributed to the increase of chlorhexidine diacetate solubility at lower pH. The higher level of filler loading reduced the degree of polymerization, leading to a greater loss of organic components and higher chlorhexidine release rates.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Mean chlorhexidine release rate (μg/cm2·hr) as a function of time from filled resin specimens containing 9.1, 23.1, and 33.3 wt% of chlorhexidine diacetate in pH 4 (left) and pH 6 (right) buffer solutions. Each datapoint is the mean of release rates (n = 10) between consecutive measurements, and the error bars represent ± 1 SD of the release rates. The release rates above 12 μg/cm2·hr in pH 4, and 6 μg/cm2·hr in pH 6 buffer solutions are not shown, as a better illustration of the release rate at later times. The datapoints that appear to overlap the baseline of the plots represent a mean release rate less than 0.1 μg/cm2·hr. The solid line represents the release rate vs. time based on the best-fit curve of the equation of the respective group. We obtained it by substituting the values of coefficients in Table 1 into the first derivative of the equation with respect to time, and plotting the rate over the entire experimental period.
Figure 2
Figure 2
SEM images of the filled resin discs containing 9.1, 23.1, and 33.3 wt% of chlorhexidine diacetate after exposure for 4 mos in ambient air (control), and in pH 4 and pH 6 buffer solutions. The top edges of the images are the exposed surface. The pairs of vertical black bars with 23.1 and 33.3 wt% loading of the pH 4 group highlight the band of lighter areas. The specimen size shown is 0.5 × 0.5 mm. The horizontal black bar at the lower right corner represents a width of 100 μm.
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