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Review
. 2005 Sep;11(9):1343-50.
doi: 10.3201/eid1109.050340.

Achieving operational hydrologic monitoring of mosquitoborne disease

Jeffrey Shaman  1 , Jonathan F Day
Affiliations
Review

Achieving operational hydrologic monitoring of mosquitoborne disease

Jeffrey Shaman et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2005 Sep.

Abstract

Mosquitoes and mosquitoborne disease transmission are sensitive to hydrologic variability. If local hydrologic conditions can be monitored or modeled at the scales at which these conditions affect the population dynamics of vector mosquitoes and the diseases they transmit, a means for monitoring or modeling mosquito populations and mosquitoborne disease transmission may be realized. We review how hydrologic conditions have been associated with mosquito abundances and mosquitoborne disease transmission and discuss the advantages of different measures of hydrologic variability. We propose that the useful application of any measure of hydrologic conditions requires additional consideration of the scales for both the hydrologic measurement and the vector control interventions that will be used to mitigate an outbreak of vectorborne disease. Our efforts to establish operational monitoring of St. Louis encephalitis virus and West Nile virus transmission in Florida are also reviewed.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Map of early summer 2004 hydrologic conditions as modeled with the topographically based hydrology model at 49 sites throughout south Florida. Daily averaged conditions are shown for June 15, June 30, July 15, and July 30, 2004. Red shades indicate drier soil conditions, which support less surface pooling; blue shades indicate wetter conditions.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Map of hydrologic conditions during the landfall of Hurricane Charley (August 13) as modeled with the topographically based hydrology model at 49 sites throughout south Florida. Daily averaged conditions are shown for August 13, 15, 17, and 19, 2004. Red shades indicate drier soil conditions, which support less surface pooling; blue shades indicate wetter conditions.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Map of hydrologic conditions during the landfall of Hurricane Frances (September 4) as modeled with the topographically based hydrology model at 49 sites throughout south Florida. Daily averaged conditions are shown for September 4–7, 2004. Red shades indicate drier soil conditions, which support less surface pooling; blue shades indicate wetter conditions.
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