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Review
. 2005 Apr;114(4):450-8.
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2005.02140.x.

Tracking the dynamics of T-cell activation in response to Salmonella infection

Rajesh Ravindran  1 , Stephen J McSorley
Affiliations
Review

Tracking the dynamics of T-cell activation in response to Salmonella infection

Rajesh Ravindran et al. Immunology. 2005 Apr.

Abstract

Despite the current availability of Salmonella vaccines, typhoid fever remains a significant public health problem in developing countries. A greater understanding of T-cell activation and the development of immunological memory during Salmonella infection should lead to the development of more effective prophylactic intervention. Here, we review recent literature on the initiation, expansion and memory development of T-cell responses using the mouse model of typhoid. We pay particular attention to strategies for tracking T-cell responses in vivo and ex vivo, and suggest models to integrate some these studies.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Possible pathways of antigen presentation in the Peyer's patch following Salmonella infection.(a)Myeloid dendritic cells (DC) lining the subepithelial dome (SED) acquire the Salmonella antigens released by apoptotic macrophages loaded with bacteria and migrate to the interfollicular region (IFR) to effectively present the antigen to T cells.(b)Salmonella entry into the Peyer's patch leads to the release of soluble bacterial antigens into the SED. These proteins quickly disseminate to the IFR in lymph fluid, are acquired by the resident lymphoid DC population, and subsequently presented to the T cells.(c)Myeloid DCs in the SED acquire Salmonella antigens directly following bacterial entry and migrate to the IFR for efficient antigen presentation.
Figure 2
Figure 2
A model to explain the survival of certain antigen-specific Salmonella-specific memory cells. SM1 cells are initially activated (Day 0), expand (Day 3), but fail to get selected into the memory pool because of an inadequate supply of flagellin peptide as the infection progresses in vivo. Endogenous Salmonella specific T cells directed against other antigenic epitopes expand and are successfully selected to persist because of maintained antigen presentation.
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