Carcinogenesis and cyclooxygenase: the potential role of COX-2 inhibition in upper aerodigestive tract cancer
- PMID: 12798395
- DOI: 10.1016/s1368-8375(03)00035-6
Carcinogenesis and cyclooxygenase: the potential role of COX-2 inhibition in upper aerodigestive tract cancer
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is upregulated in a number of epithelial cancers, including in upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) premalignant and malignant lesions. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive examination of the potential of COX-2 inhibition in prevention of UADT premalignant and malignant disease. A Medline and Cancerlit literature search was conducted for the period 1993-2002, and identified literature was reviewed. There is evidence from in vitro studies, as well as animal models, that inhibition of COX-2 may suppress carcinogenesis by affecting a number of pathways of carcinogenesis, promoting apoptosis and inhibiting angiogenesis. Preliminary studies of gastro-intestinal (GI) carcinogenesis suggest that COX-2 inhibitors may represent an approach to the chemoprevention of epithelial cancers. COX-2 inhibitors may have a potential role in chemoprevention of UADT cancer, and clinical trials appear warranted.
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