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. 2002 Sep;17(3):251-63.
doi: 10.1016/s1074-7613(02)00390-4.

IRF3 mediates a TLR3/TLR4-specific antiviral gene program

Sean Doyle  1 , Sagar Vaidya, Ryan O'Connell, Hajir Dadgostar, Paul Dempsey, Ting Wu, Govinda Rao, Ren Sun, Margaret Haberland, Robert Modlin, Genhong Cheng
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Free article

IRF3 mediates a TLR3/TLR4-specific antiviral gene program

Sean Doyle et al. Immunity. 2002 Sep.
Free article

Abstract

We have identified a subset of genes that is specifically induced by stimulation of TLR3 or TLR4 but not by TLR2 or TLR9. Further gene expression analyses established that upregulation of several primary response genes was dependent on NF-kappaB, commonly activated by several TLRs, and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), which was found to confer TLR3/TLR4 specificity. Also identified was a group of secondary response genes which are part of an autocrine/paracrine loop activated by the primary response gene product, interferon beta (IFNbeta). Selective activation of the TLR3/TLR4-IRF3 pathway potently inhibited viral replication. These results suggest that TLR3 and TLR4 have evolutionarily diverged from other TLRs to activate IRF3, which mediates a specific gene program responsible for innate antiviral responses.

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