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. 2002 Sep 10;87(3-4):395-9.
doi: 10.1016/s0165-2427(02)00087-9.

Orf virus immuno-modulation and the host immune response

David M Haig  1 , Jackie Thomson, Colin McInnes, Catherine McCaughan, Wendy Imlach, Andrew Mercer, Stephen Fleming
Affiliations

Orf virus immuno-modulation and the host immune response

David M Haig et al. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. .

Abstract

Orf virus encodes a range of immuno-modulatory genes that interfere with host anti-virus immune and inflammatory effector mechanisms. The function of these reflects the pathogenesis of orf. The orf virus interferon resistance protein (OVIFNR) and virus IL-10 (vIL-10) inhibit interferon production and activity. In addition the vIL-10 suppresses inflammatory cytokine production by activated macrophages and keratinocytes. The virus GM-CSF inhibitory factor (GIF) is a novel virus protein that binds to and inhibits the biological activity of GM-CSF and IL-2. Together, these immuno-modulators target key effector mechanisms of host anti-virus immunity to allow time for virus replication in epidermal cells.

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