The origin of remyelinating cells in the central nervous system
- PMID: 10426364
- DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5728(99)00083-1
The origin of remyelinating cells in the central nervous system
Abstract
A clear understanding of the cellular events underlying successful remyelination of demyelinating lesions is a necessary prerequisite for an understanding of the failure of remyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS). The potential for remyelination of the adult central nervous system (CNS) has been well-established. However, there is still some dispute whether remyelinating oligodendrocytes arise from dedifferentiation and/or proliferation of mature oligodendrocytes, or are generated solely from proliferation and differentiation of glial progenitor cells. This review focuses on studies carried out on remyelinating lesions in the adult rat spinal cord produced by injection of antibodies to galactocerebroside and serum complement that show: (1) oligodendrocytes which survive within an area of demyelination do not contribute to remyelination, (2) remyelination is carried out by oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, (3) recruitment of oligodendrocyte progenitors to an area of demyelination is a local response, and (4) division of oligodendrocyte progenitors is symmetrical, resulting in chronic depletion of the oligodendrocyte progenitor population in the normal white matter around an area of remyelination. Such results suggest that repeated episodes of demyelination could lead to a failure of remyelination due to a depletion of oligodendrocyte progenitors.
Similar articles
-
The role of oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte progenitors in CNS remyelination.Adv Exp Med Biol. 1999;468:183-97. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4615-4685-6_15. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1999. PMID: 10635029 Review.
-
Impaired remyelination and depletion of oligodendrocyte progenitors does not occur following repeated episodes of focal demyelination in the rat central nervous system.Brain. 2003 Jun;126(Pt 6):1382-91. doi: 10.1093/brain/awg126. Brain. 2003. PMID: 12764059
-
Myelin regulatory factor drives remyelination in multiple sclerosis.Acta Neuropathol. 2017 Sep;134(3):403-422. doi: 10.1007/s00401-017-1741-7. Epub 2017 Jun 19. Acta Neuropathol. 2017. PMID: 28631093
-
Inflammation stimulates remyelination in areas of chronic demyelination.Brain. 2005 Mar;128(Pt 3):528-39. doi: 10.1093/brain/awh417. Epub 2005 Feb 7. Brain. 2005. PMID: 15699059
-
To what extent is oligodendrocyte progenitor migration a limiting factor in the remyelination of multiple sclerosis lesions?Mult Scler. 1997 Apr;3(2):84-7. doi: 10.1177/135245859700300205. Mult Scler. 1997. PMID: 9291159 Review.
Cited by
-
Selective Modulation of TNF-TNFRs Signaling: Insights for Multiple Sclerosis Treatment.Front Immunol. 2018 Apr 30;9:925. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00925. eCollection 2018. Front Immunol. 2018. PMID: 29760711 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Paving the axonal highway: from stem cells to myelin repair.Stem Cell Rev. 2008 Dec;4(4):304-18. doi: 10.1007/s12015-008-9043-z. Stem Cell Rev. 2008. PMID: 18759012 Review.
-
Activation of endogenous neural stem cells for multiple sclerosis therapy.Front Neurosci. 2015 Jan 20;8:454. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2014.00454. eCollection 2014. Front Neurosci. 2015. PMID: 25653584 Free PMC article.
-
ERK1/2 Activation in Preexisting Oligodendrocytes of Adult Mice Drives New Myelin Synthesis and Enhanced CNS Function.J Neurosci. 2016 Aug 31;36(35):9186-200. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1444-16.2016. J Neurosci. 2016. PMID: 27581459 Free PMC article.
-
Galanin transgenic mice with elevated circulating galanin levels alleviate demyelination in a cuprizone-induced MS mouse model.PLoS One. 2012;7(3):e33901. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033901. Epub 2012 Mar 19. PLoS One. 2012. PMID: 22442732 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Grants and funding
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical
