Abstract
The peptidoglycan from two types of filamentous cell division mutants of Agmenellum quadruplicatum strain BG1 has been compared to that of the parent organism. Small variations in the total peptidoglycan composition on a dry-weight basis were found in the mutants. The reduced level of peptidoglycan in the serpentine mutant is consistent with a general decrease in the ratio of surface area to volume as compared to the parent organism. The increased peptidoglycan content in the septate mutant confirms previous ultrastructural observations of the greatly enlarged peptidoglycan septum between adjacent cells. A comparison of peptidoglycan composition and cross-linking in the two types of filamentous mutants of A. quadruplicatum and in drug-induced phenocopies suggests that structural alterations of the peptidoglycan are not involved in the apparent impairments of cellular division. Furthermore, data concerning the relative susceptibilities of the parent and mutants to antibiotics indicate that neither mutant exhibits a gross alteration of permeability.
Full text
PDFImages in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- ADLER H. I., HARDIGREE A. A. POSTIRRADIATION GROWTH, DIVISION, AND RECOVERY IN BACTERIA. Radiat Res. 1965 May;25:92–102. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- BOAS N. F. Method for the determination of hexosamines in tissues. J Biol Chem. 1953 Oct;204(2):553–563. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Braun V., Rehn K., Wolff H. Supramolecular structure of the rigid layer of the cell wall of Salmonella, Serratia, Proteus, and Pseudomonas fluorescens. Number of lipoprotein molecules in a membrane layer. Biochemistry. 1970 Dec 22;9(26):5041–5049. doi: 10.1021/bi00828a001. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- CRESPI H. L., MANDEVILLE S. E., KATZ J. J. The action of lysozyme on several blue-green algae. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1962 Dec 19;9:569–573. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(62)90127-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- ECHLIN P., MORRIS I. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BLUE-GREEN ALGAE AND BACTERIA. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc. 1965 May;40:143–187. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-185x.1965.tb00800.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hughes R. C. The cell wall of Bacillus licheniformis N.C.T.C. 6346. Isolation of low-molecular-weight fragments from the soluble mucopeptide. Biochem J. 1968 Jan;106(1):49–59. doi: 10.1042/bj1060049. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ingram L. O., Thurston E. L., Van Baalen C. Effects of selected inhibitors on growth and cell division in Agmenellum. Arch Mikrobiol. 1972;81(1):1–12. doi: 10.1007/BF00715019. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ingram L. O., Van Baalen C. Characteristics of a stable, filamentous mutant of a coccoid blue-green alga. J Bacteriol. 1970 Jun;102(3):784–789. doi: 10.1128/jb.102.3.784-789.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Izaki K., Matsuhashi M., Strominger J. L. Glycopeptide transpeptidase and D-alanine carboxypeptidase: penicillin-sensitive enzymatic reactions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1966 Mar;55(3):656–663. doi: 10.1073/pnas.55.3.656. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kunisawa R., Cohen-Bazire G. Mutations of Anacystis nidulans that affect cell division. Arch Mikrobiol. 1970;71(1):49–59. doi: 10.1007/BF00412234. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Normark S., Boman H. G., Bloom G. D. Cell division in a chain-forming envA mutant of Escherichia coli K12. Fine structure of division sites and effects of EDTA, lysozyme and ampicillin. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B Microbiol Immunol. 1971;79(5):651–664. doi: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1971.tb00093.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Normark S. Phenethyl alcohol as a suppressor of the envA phenotype associated with the envA gene in Escherichia coli K-12. J Bacteriol. 1971 Oct;108(1):51–58. doi: 10.1128/jb.108.1.51-58.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- PARK J. T., JOHNSON M. J. A submicrodetermination of glucose. J Biol Chem. 1949 Nov;181(1):149–151. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- PRIMOSIGH J., PELZER H., MAASS D., WEIDEL W. Chemical characterization of mucopeptides released from the E. coli B cell wall by enzymic action. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1961 Jan 1;46:68–80. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(61)90647-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Previc E. P. Biochemical determination of bacterial morphology and the geometry of cell division. J Theor Biol. 1970 Jun;27(3):471–497. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5193(70)80010-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rogers H. J. Bacterial growth and the cell envelope. Bacteriol Rev. 1970 Jun;34(2):194–214. doi: 10.1128/br.34.2.194-214.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rogers H. J., McConnell M., Hughes R. C. The chemistry of the cell walls of rod mutants of Bacillus subtilis. J Gen Microbiol. 1971 Jun;66(3):297–308. doi: 10.1099/00221287-66-3-297. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Steed P., Murray R. G. The cell wall and cell division of gram-negative bacteria. Can J Microbiol. 1966 Apr;12(2):263–270. doi: 10.1139/m66-036. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tipper D. J., Strominger J. L. Biosynthesis of the peptidoglycan of bacterial cell walls. XII. Inhibition of cross-linking by penicillins and cephalosporins: studies in Staphylococcus aureus in vivo. J Biol Chem. 1968 Jun 10;243(11):3169–3179. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- WEIDEL W., FRANK H., LEUTGEB W. Autolytic enzymes as a source of error in the preparation and study of gram-negative cell walls. J Gen Microbiol. 1963 Jan;30:127–130. doi: 10.1099/00221287-30-1-127. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- WEIDEL W., PELZER H. BAGSHAPED MACROMOLECULES--A NEW OUTLOOK ON BACTERIAL CELL WALLS. Adv Enzymol Relat Areas Mol Biol. 1964;26:193–232. doi: 10.1002/9780470122716.ch5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- WINZLER R. J. Determination of serum glycoproteins. Methods Biochem Anal. 1955;2:279–311. doi: 10.1002/9780470110188.ch10. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weinbaum G. Characteristics of cell walls from morphological variants of Escherichia coli. J Gen Microbiol. 1966 Jan;42(1):83–92. doi: 10.1099/00221287-42-1-83. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]