// Scale the BitMatrix to the specified size
ZXing::BitMatrix scaleBitMatrix(const ZXing::BitMatrix& inputMatrix, int desiredWidth, int desiredHeight)
{
    int inputWidth = inputMatrix.width();
    int inputHeight = inputMatrix.height();

    double scaleX = static_cast<double>(desiredWidth) / inputWidth;
    double scaleY = static_cast<double>(desiredHeight) / inputHeight;

    ZXing::BitMatrix scaledMatrix(desiredWidth, desiredHeight);

    // Optimize mapping using the original matrix and scaling factors
    for (int y = 0; y < desiredHeight; ++y) {
        int originalY = static_cast<int>(y / scaleY);
        if (originalY >= inputHeight) originalY = inputHeight - 1;

        for (int x = 0; x < desiredWidth; ++x) {
            int originalX = static_cast<int>(x / scaleX);
            if (originalX >= inputWidth) originalX = inputWidth - 1;

            scaledMatrix.set(x, y, inputMatrix.get(originalX, originalY));
        }
    }

    return scaledMatrix;
}

// Generate a barcode image
cv::Mat generateBarcode(const std::string& input, int barcodeWidth, int barcodeHeight)
{
    ZXing::MultiFormatWriter writer(ZXing::BarcodeFormat::PDF417);

    ZXing::BitMatrix bitMatrix = writer.encode(input, barcodeWidth, barcodeHeight);

    // Use the bitMatrix directly if it is already the target size
    if (bitMatrix.width() != barcodeWidth || bitMatrix.height() != barcodeHeight) {
        bitMatrix = scaleBitMatrix(bitMatrix, barcodeWidth, barcodeHeight);
    }

    cv::Mat barcodeImage(bitMatrix.height(), bitMatrix.width(), CV_8UC1, cv::Scalar(255)); // White background

    for (int y = 0; y < bitMatrix.height(); ++y) {
        for (int x = 0; x < bitMatrix.width(); ++x) {
            if (bitMatrix.get(x, y)) {
                barcodeImage.at<uchar>(y, x) = 0; // Black pixel
            }
        }
    }

    return barcodeImage;
}