The code released in v2.10.0 is practically identical to that of v2.10.0b2.
See the v2.10 release blog post for the highlights!

What's Changed

Packaging

• Bump pydantic-core to v2.27.0 by @sydney-runkle in #10825
• Replaced pdm with uv by @frfahim in #10727

New Features

• Support fractions.Fraction by @sydney-runkle in #10318
• Support Hashable for json validation by @sydney-runkle in #10324
• Add a SocketPath type for linux systems by @theunkn0wn1 in #10378
• Allow arbitrary refs in JSON schema examples by @sydney-runkle in #10417
• Support defer_build for Pydantic dataclasses by @Viicos in #10313
• Adding v1 / v2 incompatibility warning for nested v1 model by @sydney-runkle in #10431
• Add support for unpacked TypedDict to type hint variadic keyword arguments with @validate_call by @Viicos in #10416
• Support compiled patterns in protected_namespaces by @sydney-runkle in #10522
• Add support for propertyNames in JSON schema by @FlorianSW in #10478
• Adding __replace__ protocol for Python 3.13+ support by @sydney-runkle in #10596
• Expose public sort method for JSON schema generation by @sydney-runkle in #10595
• Add runtime validation of @validate_call callable argument by @kc0506 in #10627
• Add experimental_allow_partial support by @samuelcolvin in #10748
• Support default factories taking validated data as an argument by @Viicos in #10678
• Allow subclassing ValidationError and PydanticCustomError by @Youssefares in pydantic/pydantic-core#1413
• Add trailing-strings support to experimental_allow_partial by @sydney-runkle in #10825
• Add rebuild() method for TypeAdapter and simplify defer_build patterns by @sydney-runkle in #10537
• Improve TypeAdapter instance repr by @sydney-runkle in #10872

Changes

• Don't allow customization of SchemaGenerator until interface is more stable by @sydney-runkle in #10303
• Cleanly defer_build on TypeAdapters, removing experimental flag by @sydney-runkle in #10329
• Fix mro of generic subclass by @kc0506 in #10100
• Strip whitespaces on JSON Schema title generation by @sydney-runkle in #10404
• Use b64decode and b64encode for Base64Bytes type by @sydney-runkle in #10486
• Relax protected namespace config default by @sydney-runkle in #10441
• Revalidate parametrized generics if instance's origin is subclass of OG class by @sydney-runkle in #10666
• Warn if configuration is specified on the @dataclass decorator and with the __pydantic_config__ attribute by @sydney-runkle in #10406
• Recommend against using Ellipsis (...) with Field by @Viicos in #10661
• Migrate to subclassing instead of annotated approach for pydantic url types by @sydney-runkle in #10662
• Change JSON schema generation of Literals and Enums by @Viicos in #10692
• Simplify unions involving Any or Never when replacing type variables by @Viicos in #10338
• Do not require padding when decoding base64 bytes by @bschoenmaeckers in pydantic/pydantic-core#1448
• Support dates all the way to 1BC by @changhc in pydantic/speedate#77

Performance

• Schema cleaning: skip unnecessary copies during schema walking by @Viicos in #10286
• Refactor namespace logic for annotations evaluation by @Viicos in #10530
• Improve email regexp on edge cases by @AlekseyLobanov in #10601
• CoreMetadata refactor with an emphasis on documentation, schema build time performance, and reducing complexity by @sydney-runkle in #10675

Fixes

• Remove guarding check on computed_field with field_serializer by @nix010 in #10390
• Fix Predicate issue in v2.9.0 by @sydney-runkle in #10321
• Fixing annotated-types bound by @sydney-runkle in #10327
• Turn tzdata install requirement into optional timezone dependency by @jakob-keller in #10331
• Use correct types namespace when building namedtuple core schemas by @Viicos in #10337
• Fix evaluation of stringified annotations during namespace inspection by @Viicos in #10347
• Fix IncEx type alias definition by @Viicos in #10339
• Do not error when trying to evaluate annotations of private attributes by @Viicos in #10358
• Fix nested type statement by @kc0506 in #10369
• Improve typing of ModelMetaclass.mro by @Viicos in #10372
• Fix class access of deprecated computed_fields by @Viicos in #10391
• Make sure inspect.iscoroutinefunction works on coroutines decorated with @validate_call by @MovisLi in #10374
• Fix NameError when using validate_call with PEP 695 on a class by @kc0506 in #10380
• Fix ZoneInfo with various invalid types by @sydney-runkle in #10408
• Fix PydanticUserError on empty model_config with annotations by @cdwilson in #10412
• Fix variance issue in _IncEx type alias, only allow True by @Viicos in #10414
• Fix serialization schema generation when using PlainValidator by @Viicos in #10427
• Fix schema generation error when serialization schema holds references by @Viicos in #10444
• Inline references if possible when generating schema for json_schema_input_type by @Viicos in #10439
• Fix recursive arguments in Representation by @Viicos in #10480
• Fix representation for builtin function types by @kschwab in #10479
• Add python validators for decimal constraints (max_digits and decimal_places) by @sydney-runkle in #10506
• Only fetch __pydantic_core_schema__ from the current class during schema generation by @Viicos in #10518
• Fix stacklevel on deprecation warnings for BaseModel by @sydney-runkle in #10520
• Fix warning stacklevel in BaseModel.__init__ by @Viicos in #10526
• Improve error handling for in-evaluable refs for discriminator application by @sydney-runkle in #10440
• Change the signature of ConfigWrapper.core_config to take the title directly by @Viicos in #10562
• Do not use the previous config from the stack for dataclasses without config by @Viicos in #10576
• Fix serialization for IP types with mode='python' by @sydney-runkle in #10594
• Support constraint application for Base64Etc types by @sydney-runkle in #10584
• Fix validate_call ignoring Field in Annotated by @kc0506 in #10610
• Raise an error when Self is invalid by @kc0506 in #10609
• Using core_schema.InvalidSchema instead of metadata injection + checks by @sydney-runkle in #10523
• Tweak type alias logic by @kc0506 in #10643
• Support usage of type with typing.Self and type aliases by @kc0506 in #10621
• Use overloads for Field and PrivateAttr functions by @Viicos in #10651
• Clean up the mypy plugin implementation by @Viicos in #10669
• Properly check for typing_extensions variant of TypeAliasType by @Daraan in #10713
• Allow any mapping in BaseModel.model_copy() by @Viicos in #10751
• Fix isinstance behavior for urls by @sydney-runkle in #10766
• Ensure cached_property can be set on Pydantic models by @Viicos in #10774
• Fix equality checks for primitives in literals by @sydney-runkle in pydantic/pydantic-core#1459
• Properly enforce host_required for URLs by @Viicos in pydantic/pydantic-core#1488
• Fix when coerce_numbers_to_str enabled and string has invalid Unicode character by @andrey-berenda in pydantic/pydantic-core#1515
• Fix serializing complex values in Enums by @changhc in pydantic/pydantic-core#1524
• Refactor _typing_extra module by @Viicos in #10725
• Support intuitive equality for urls by @sydney-runkle in #10798
• Add bytearray to TypeAdapter.validate_json signature by @samuelcolvin in #10802
• Ensure class access of method descriptors is performed when used as a default with Field by @Viicos in #10816
• Fix circular import with validate_call by @sydney-runkle in #10807
• Fix error when using type aliases referencing other type aliases by @Viicos in #10809
• Fix IncEx type alias to be compatible with mypy by @Viicos in #10813
• Make __signature__ a lazy property, do not deepcopy defaults by @Viicos in #10818
• Make __signature__ lazy for dataclasses, too by @sydney-runkle in #10832
• Subclass all single host url classes from AnyUrl to preserve behavior from v2.9 by @sydney-runkle in #10856

New Contributors

• @jakob-keller made their first contribution in #10331
• @MovisLi made their first contribution in #10374
• @joaopalmeiro made their first contribution in #10405
• @theunkn0wn1 made their first contribution in #10378
• @cdwilson made their first contribution in #10412
• @dlax made their first contribution in #10421
• @kschwab made their first contribution in #10479
• @santibreo made their first contribution in #10453
• @FlorianSW made their first contribution in #10478
• @tkasuz made their first contribution in #10555
• @AlekseyLobanov made their first contribution in #10601
• @NiclasvanEyk made their first contribution in #10667
• @mschoettle made their first contribution in #10677
• @Daraan made their first contribution in #10713
• @k4nar made their first contribution in #10736
• @UriyaHarpeness made their first contribution in #10740
• @frfahim made their first contribution in #10727

Full Changelog: v2.9.2...v2.10.0