Prerequisites checklist

• I have read the contributing guidelines.

What is the purpose of this pull request? (put an "X" next to an item)

[x] Documentation update
[ ] Bug fix (template)
[ ] New rule (template)
[ ] Changes an existing rule (template)
[ ] Add autofix to a rule
[ ] Add a CLI option
[x] Add something to the core
[ ] Other, please explain:

What changes did you make? (Give an overview)

This implements the additional deprecated metadata RFC and closes #18061.

The checklist from the RFC:
Internal Changes:

• Mention the new schema in the custom rule documentation
• Add any additional information to these properties in core rules as desired (such as in Docs: Mention Stylistic as the source of replacement rules for all the stylistic rules that got deprecated #18053)
• Update ESLint's website generator to take into account the additional information for rule doc deprecation notices
• Update LintResult.usedDeprecatedRules by normalizing the old and new format for the existing replacedBy property and adding a new property with the name info for rules using the new deprecated format
• Update the types in eslint

External Changes:

• Update the types in @typescript-eslint/eslint
• Update eslint-doc-generator to handle the new information: Support additional rule metadata for deprecations bmish/eslint-doc-generator#512
• Update the metadata for the most common plugins
• Consider implementing an eslint-plugin-eslint-plugin rule to encourage more complete deprecation information to be stored in these properties

I also investigated the impact for third-party plugins.
Generally there are only a few deprecated rules and most are stylistic rules.
An overview for plugins with some deprecated rules:

• @typescript-eslint: Several
• react: jsx-*
• node: shebang
• import: imports-first
• unicorn: Several
• vue : component-tags-order, no-invalid-model-keys, no-ref-object-destructure, no-setup-props-destructure, script-setup-uses-vars, v-on-function-call
• svelte: svelte/@typescript-eslint/no-unnecessary-condition
• functional: functional-parameters

Plugins without deprecated rules:

• jsdoc
• jest
• astro
• eslint-comments
• eslint-plugin
• promise (deprecated rules deleted)
• mocha
• regexp (deprecated rules deleted)
• security

Is there anything you'd like reviewers to focus on?

Some notes for the changes:

• I did not know where the put the documentation for DeprecateInfo as it is part of the rule but its documentation has no type anywhere and the type documentation is required for usedDeprecatedRules in NodeJS API Documentation. I chose to use a separate page with a short intro about the deprecated format and detailing the new format. This document could also detail future tools using the deprecated information.
• meta.deprecated property for the rule indent-legacy is not updated as it is used for a test case in legacy-eslint and CLIEngine which I assume to be frozen (but I still updated it for other frozen rules)
• the replacements only mentions the latest replacement in eslint-stylistic (e.g. rules replaced by padding-line-between-statements)
• implicit tests for rule.meta.deprecated were left untouched as objects are truthy (e.g. in rule.macro.html).
• Did not update rule_meta.json and cannot find which file generates it but deploying the website works even though the replacement info is not autogenerated