In this page, you can find related steps to compile Qt6.6.1 for raspberr pi 4 As a host machine, ubuntu virtual machine is used.
If you do not follow the steps exactly or add any extra step, process may fail. I recommend you to first follow this insturctions then apply your diff.
I used 64 bit image 2023-12-05-raspios-bookworm-arm64.img. This is important because in the next we compile the gcc and we need to configure it correctly. If you use 32 bit image then you should use kernel7 instead of kernel8, so becareful. Steps can be different also for this case.
We need to update raspberry pi because later while compiling the qt crossly on ubuntu host machine, we need sysroot directory where all headers/libraries from raspberry pi.
Update the raspberry pi.
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt full-upgrade
$ sudo reboot
$ sudo rpi-update
$ sudo rebootAfter this you can check your firmware revision number.
ulas@raspberrypi:~ $ cat /boot/firmware/.firmware_revision
7ca14294c4bf09fda8d138f9987cd031ced61f7cIf you want to be sure, you can set user this reviison with
rpi-update 7ca14294c4bf09fda8d138f9987cd031ced61f7cbut it is up to you.
Install the dependencies
sudo apt-get install \
libboost-all-dev libudev-dev libinput-dev libts-dev libmtdev-dev \
libjpeg-dev libfontconfig1-dev libssl-dev libdbus-1-dev libglib2.0-dev \
libxkbcommon-dev libegl1-mesa-dev libgbm-dev libgles2-mesa-dev \
mesa-common-dev libasound2-dev libpulse-dev gstreamer1.0-omx \
libgstreamer1.0-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev gstreamer1.0-alsa \
libvpx-dev libsrtp2-dev libsnappy-dev libnss3-dev "^libxcb.*" \
flex bison libxslt-dev ruby gperf libbz2-dev libcups2-dev \
libatkmm-1.6-dev libxi6 libxcomposite1 libfreetype6-dev libicu-dev \
libsqlite3-dev libxslt1-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev \
libx11-dev freetds-dev libpq-dev libiodbc2-dev firebird-dev \
libgst-dev libxext-dev libxcb1 libxcb1-dev libx11-xcb1 libx11-xcb-dev \
libxcb-keysyms1 libxcb-keysyms1-dev libxcb-image0 libxcb-image0-dev \
libxcb-shm0 libxcb-shm0-dev libxcb-icccm4 libxcb-icccm4-dev \
libxcb-sync1 libxcb-sync-dev libxcb-render-util0 libxcb-render-util0-dev \
libxcb-xfixes0-dev libxrender-dev libxcb-shape0-dev libxcb-randr0-dev \
libxcb-glx0-dev libxi-dev libdrm-dev libxcb-xinerama0 libxcb-xinerama0-dev \
libatspi2.0-dev libxcursor-dev libxcomposite-dev libxdamage-dev \
libxss-dev libxtst-dev libpci-dev libcap-dev libxrandr-dev \
libdirectfb-dev libaudio-dev libxkbcommon-x11-dev gdbserver
After this all, you should be able to see opengl libraries under /opt/vc/lib/ directory. This is important for future steps. Sth like this:
ulas@raspberrypi:~ $ ls /opt/vc/lib/
libbcm_host.so libelftoolchain.so libopenmaxil.so
libbrcmEGL.so libGLESv1_CM.so libOpenVG.so
libbrcmGLESv2.so libGLESv2.so libvchiq_arm.so
libbrcmOpenVG.so libGLESv2_static.a libvchostif.a
libbrcmWFC.so libkhrn_client.a libvcilcs.a
libcontainers.so libkhrn_static.a libvcos.so
libdebug_sym.so libmmal_components.so libvcsm.so
libdebug_sym_static.a libmmal_core.so libWFC.so
libdtovl.so libmmal.so pkgconfig
libEGL.so libmmal_util.so plugins
libEGL_static.a libmmal_vc_client.so
I used ubuntu 22 as virtual machine( in case of problem it is easy to delete it)
ulas@ulas:~/QTonRaspberryPi/QtRaspberryPi6.6.1$ uname -a
Linux ulas 6.2.0-39-generic #40~22.04.1-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Thu Nov 16 10:53:04 UTC 2 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get upgradeInstall dependencies
$ sudo apt-get install make build-essential cmake libclang-dev ninja-build gcc git bison \
python3 gperf pkg-config libfontconfig1-dev libfreetype6-dev libx11-dev libx11-xcb-dev \
libxext-dev libxfixes-dev libxi-dev libxrender-dev libxcb1-dev libxcb-glx0-dev \
libxcb-keysyms1-dev libxcb-image0-dev libxcb-shm0-dev libxcb-icccm4-dev libxcb-sync-dev \
libxcb-xfixes0-dev libxcb-shape0-dev libxcb-randr0-dev libxcb-render-util0-dev \
libxcb-util-dev libxcb-xinerama0-dev libxcb-xkb-dev libxkbcommon-dev libxkbcommon-x11-dev \
libatspi2.0-dev libgl1-mesa-dev libglu1-mesa-dev freeglut3-dev libgmp-dev libmpfr-dev libmpc-devWe need toolchain to compile our qt or applications for cross compilation. This can be done in many ways. In this context, we will follow a way that I took as reference in this script. https://docs.slackware.com/howtos:hardware:arm:gcc-10.x_aarch64_cross-compiler
Simply we will download the source code of gcc and compile it according to our needs. It is very tricky process. The steps for the process can vary for different version of gcc.
Create a directory for compilation process and install gcc, glibc and binutils. I choose this version to match with the one in raspberry pi but it is not necessary, IF you use stable and quite latest one, it should work either.
mkdir crossTools && cd crossTools
wget https://mirror.lyrahosting.com/gnu/binutils/binutils-2.40.tar.gz
wget https://ftp.nluug.nl/pub/gnu/glibc/glibc-2.36.tar.gz
wget https://ftp.nluug.nl/pub/gnu/gcc/gcc-12.2.0/gcc-12.2.0.tar.gz
git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux
tar xf binutils-2.40.tar.gz
tar xf gcc-12.2.0.tar.gz
tar xf glibc-2.36.tar.gzCreate a directory under opt for installation
sudo mkdir -p /opt/cross-pi-gcc
sudo chown $USER /opt/cross-pi-gcc
export PATH=/opt/cross-pi-gcc/bin:$PATHWe need kernel interfaces for compilation for related architecture
cd linux/
KERNEL=kernel8
ARCH=arm64 INSTALL_HDR_PATH=/opt/cross-pi-gcc/aarch64-linux-gnu headers_installCompile binutils
cd ..
mkdir build-binutils && cd build-binutils
./binutils-2.40/configure --prefix=/opt/cross-pi-gcc --target=aarch64-linux-gnu --with-arch=armv8 --disable-multilib
make -j 8
make installAdd PATH_MAX define into to asan_linux.cpp (gcc-12.2.0/libsanitizer/asan/asan_linux.cpp) Otherwise you will have compilation error.
Compile gcc and glibc partly
mkdir build-gcc && cd build-gcc
../gcc-12.2.0/configure --prefix=/opt/cross-pi-gcc --target=aarch64-linux-gnu --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib
make -j8 all-gcc
make install-gccfor glibc
mkdir build-glibc && cd build-glibc
../glibc-2.36/configure --prefix=/opt/cross-pi-gcc/aarch64-linux-gnu --build=$MACHTYPE --host=aarch64-linux-gnu --target=aarch64-linux-gnu --with-headers=/opt/cross-pi-gcc/aarch64-linux-gnu/include --disable-multilib libc_cv_forced_unwind=yes
make install-bootstrap-headers=yes install-headers
make -j8 csu/subdir_lib
install csu/crt1.o csu/crti.o csu/crtn.o /opt/cross-pi-gcc/aarch64-linux-gnu/lib
aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc -nostdlib -nostartfiles -shared -x c /dev/null -o /opt/cross-pi-gcc/aarch64-linux-gnu/lib/libc.so
touch /opt/cross-pi-gcc/aarch64-linux-gnu/include/gnu/stubs.hCompile glibc and gcc completely
cd ../build-gcc/
make -j8 all-target-libgcc
make install-target-libgcc
cd ../build-glibc/
make -j8
make install
cd ../build-gcc/
make -j8
make installNow you have croos toolchain, if you like, you can compile simple hello world application to test :)
First we need to compile Qt for host.
cd ~
wget https://download.qt.io/official_releases/qt/6.6/6.6.1/submodules/qtbase-everywhere-src-6.6.1.tar.xz
mkdir qt6 qt6/host qt6/pi qt6/host-build qt6/pi-build qt6/src
tar xf qtbase-everywhere-src-6.6.1.tar.xz
cd qt6/host-build/
cmake ../../qtbase-everywhere-src-6.6.1/ -GNinja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DQT_BUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF -DQT_BUILD_TESTS=OFF -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$HOME/qt6/host
cmake --build . --parallel 8We need to pull some libraries/headers from raspberry pi
cd ~
mkdir rpi-sysroot rpi-sysroot/usr rpi-sysroot/opt
rsync -avz --rsync-path="sudo rsync" ulas@192.168.16.25:/usr/include rpi-sysroot/usr
rsync -avz --rsync-path="sudo rsync" ulas@192.168.16.25:/lib rpi-sysroot
rsync -avz --rsync-path="sudo rsync" ulas@192.168.16.25:/usr/lib rpi-sysroot/usr
rsync -avz --rsync-path="sudo rsync" ulas@192.168.16.25:/opt/vc rpi-sysroot/optCorrect symbollic links
cd ~
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/riscv/riscv-poky/master/scripts/sysroot-relativelinks.py
chmod +x sysroot-relativelinks.py
python3 sysroot-relativelinks.py rpi-sysrootCreate toolchain.cmake under qt6 directory
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20)
include_guard(GLOBAL)
# Set the system name and processor for cross-compilation
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Linux)
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR arm)
# Set the target sysroot and architecture
set(TARGET_SYSROOT /home/ulas/rpi-sysroot) ## update this path accordingly
set(TARGET_ARCHITECTURE aarch64-linux-gnu)
set(CMAKE_SYSROOT ${TARGET_SYSROOT})
# Configure the pkg-config environment variables
set(ENV{PKG_CONFIG_PATH} "$ENV{PKG_CONFIG_PATH}:${CMAKE_SYSROOT}/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}/pkgconfig")
set(ENV{PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR} "/usr/lib/pkgconfig:/usr/share/pkgconfig:${CMAKE_SYSROOT}/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}/pkgconfig:${CMAKE_SYSROOT}/usr/lib/pkgconfig")
set(ENV{PKG_CONFIG_SYSROOT_DIR} "${CMAKE_SYSROOT}")
# Set the C and C++ compilers
set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER /opt/cross-pi-gcc/bin/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}-gcc)
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER /opt/cross-pi-gcc/bin/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}-g++)
# Define additional compiler flags
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -isystem=/usr/include -isystem=/usr/local/include -isystem=/usr/include/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS}")
# Set Qt-specific compiler and linker flags
set(QT_COMPILER_FLAGS "-march=armv8-a -mfpu=crypto-neon-fp-armv8 -mtune=cortex-a72 -mfloat-abi=hard")
set(QT_COMPILER_FLAGS_RELEASE "-O2 -pipe")
set(QT_LINKER_FLAGS "-Wl,-O1 -Wl,--hash-style=gnu -Wl,--as-needed -Wl,-rpath-link=${TARGET_SYSROOT}/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE} -Wl,-rpath-link=$HOME/qt6/pi/lib")
# Configure CMake find root path modes
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM NEVER)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_LIBRARY ONLY)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE ONLY)
set(CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PACKAGE ONLY)
# Set the install RPATH use and build RPATH
set(CMAKE_INSTALL_RPATH_USE_LINK_PATH TRUE)
set(CMAKE_BUILD_RPATH ${TARGET_SYSROOT})
# Initialize CMake configuration variables with the specified flags.
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_INIT "${QT_COMPILER_FLAGS} -march=armv8-a")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_INIT "${QT_COMPILER_FLAGS} -march=armv8-a")
set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS_INIT "${QT_LINKER_FLAGS} -Wl,-O1 -Wl,--hash-style=gnu -Wl,--as-needed")
set(CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS_INIT "${QT_LINKER_FLAGS} -Wl,-O1 -Wl,--hash-style=gnu -Wl,--as-needed")
set(CMAKE_MODULE_LINKER_FLAGS_INIT "${QT_LINKER_FLAGS} -Wl,-O1 -Wl,--hash-style=gnu -Wl,--as-needed")
# Set paths for XCB and OpenGL libraries
set(XCB_PATH_VARIABLE ${TARGET_SYSROOT})
set(GL_INC_DIR ${TARGET_SYSROOT}/usr/include)
set(GL_LIB_DIR ${TARGET_SYSROOT}:${TARGET_SYSROOT}/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}:${TARGET_SYSROOT}/usr:${TARGET_SYSROOT}/usr/lib)
set(EGL_INCLUDE_DIR ${GL_INC_DIR})
set(EGL_LIBRARY ${XCB_PATH_VARIABLE}/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}/libEGL.so)
set(OPENGL_INCLUDE_DIR ${GL_INC_DIR})
set(OPENGL_opengl_LIBRARY ${XCB_PATH_VARIABLE}/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}/libOpenGL.so)
set(GLESv2_INCLUDE_DIR ${GL_INC_DIR})
set(GLIB_LIBRARY ${XCB_PATH_VARIABLE}/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}/libGLESv2.so)
set(GLESv2_LIBRARY ${XCB_PATH_VARIABLE}/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}/libGLESv2.so)
# Correct the setting for gbm_LIBRARY
set(gbm_INCLUDE_DIR ${GL_INC_DIR})
set(gbm_LIBRARY ${XCB_PATH_VARIABLE}/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}/libgbm.so)
set(Libdrm_INCLUDE_DIR ${GL_INC_DIR})
set(Libdrm_LIBRARY ${XCB_PATH_VARIABLE}/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}/libdrm.so)
set(XCB_XCB_INCLUDE_DIR ${GL_INC_DIR})
set(XCB_XCB_LIBRARY ${XCB_PATH_VARIABLE}/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}/libxcb.so)
# Append to CMake library and prefix paths
list(APPEND CMAKE_LIBRARY_PATH ${CMAKE_SYSROOT}/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE})
list(APPEND CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH "/usr/lib/${TARGET_ARCHITECTURE}/cmake")compile the qt6.6.1 crossly
cd qt6/pi-build
cmake ../../qtbase-everywhere-src-6.6.1/ -GNinja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DINPUT_opengl=es2 -DQT_BUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF -DQT_BUILD_TESTS=OFF -DQT_HOST_PATH=$HOME/qt6/host -DCMAKE_STAGING_PREFIX=$HOME/qt6/pi -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/qt6 -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=$HOME/qt6/toolchain.cmake -DQT_QMAKE_TARGET_MKSPEC=devices/linux-rasp-pi4-aarch64 -DQT_FEATURE_xcb=ON -DFEATURE_xcb_xlib=ON -DQT_FEATURE_xlib=ONAfter this you should have configuration summary sth like this :
-- Configure summary:
Building for: devices/linux-rasp-pi4-aarch64 (arm64, CPU features: cx16 neon)
Compiler: gcc 12.2.0
Build options:
Mode ................................... release
Optimize release build for size ........ no
Fully optimize release builds (-O3) .... no
Building shared libraries .............. yes
Using ccache ........................... no
Unity Build ............................ no
Using new DTAGS ........................ yes
Relocatable ............................ yes
Using precompiled headers .............. yes
Using Link Time Optimization (LTCG) .... no
Using Intel CET ........................ no
Target compiler supports:
ARM Extensions ....................... NEON
Sanitizers:
Addresses ............................ no
Threads .............................. no
Memory ............................... no
Fuzzer (instrumentation only) ........ no
Undefined ............................ no
Build parts ............................ libs
Install examples sources ............... no
Qt modules and options:
Qt Concurrent .......................... yes
Qt D-Bus ............................... yes
Qt D-Bus directly linked to libdbus .... yes
Qt Gui ................................. yes
Qt Network ............................. yes
Qt PrintSupport ........................ yes
Qt Sql ................................. yes
Qt Testlib ............................. yes
Qt Widgets ............................. yes
Qt Xml ................................. yes
Support enabled for:
Using pkg-config ....................... yes
Using vcpkg ............................ no
udev ................................... yes
OpenSSL ................................ yes
Qt directly linked to OpenSSL ........ no
OpenSSL 1.1 ............................ no
OpenSSL 3.0 ............................ yes
Using system zlib ...................... yes
Zstandard support ...................... yes
Thread support ......................... yes
Common build options:
Linker can resolve circular dependencies yes
Qt Core:
backtrace .............................. yes
DoubleConversion ....................... yes
Using system DoubleConversion ........ no
CLONE_PIDFD support in forkfd .......... yes
GLib ................................... yes
ICU .................................... yes
Using system libb2 ..................... no
Built-in copy of the MIME database ..... yes
Application permissions ................ yes
Defaulting legacy IPC to POSIX ......... no
Tracing backend ........................ <none>
OpenSSL based cryptographic hash ....... no
Logging backends:
journald ............................. no
syslog ............................... no
slog2 ................................ no
PCRE2 .................................. yes
Using system PCRE2 ................... yes
Qt Sql:
SQL item models ........................ yes
Qt Network:
getifaddrs() ........................... yes
IPv6 ifname ............................ yes
libproxy ............................... no
Linux AF_NETLINK ....................... yes
DTLS ................................... yes
OCSP-stapling .......................... yes
SCTP ................................... no
Use system proxies ..................... yes
GSSAPI ................................. no
Brotli Decompression Support ........... yes
qIsEffectiveTLD() ...................... yes
Built-in publicsuffix database ....... yes
System publicsuffix database ......... yes
Core tools:
Android deployment tool ................ no
macOS deployment tool .................. no
Windows deployment tool ................ no
qmake .................................. yes
Qt Gui:
Accessibility .......................... yes
FreeType ............................... yes
Using system FreeType ................ yes
HarfBuzz ............................... yes
Using system HarfBuzz ................ no
Fontconfig ............................. yes
Image formats:
GIF .................................. yes
ICO .................................. yes
JPEG ................................. yes
Using system libjpeg ............... yes
PNG .................................. yes
Using system libpng ................ yes
Text formats:
HtmlParser ........................... yes
CssParser ............................ yes
OdfWriter ............................ yes
MarkdownReader ....................... yes
Using system libmd4c ............... no
MarkdownWriter ....................... yes
EGL .................................... yes
OpenVG ................................. no
OpenGL:
Desktop OpenGL ....................... no
OpenGL ES 2.0 ........................ yes
OpenGL ES 3.0 ........................ yes
OpenGL ES 3.1 ........................ yes
OpenGL ES 3.2 ........................ yes
Vulkan ................................. no
Session Management ..................... yes
Features used by QPA backends:
evdev .................................. yes
libinput ............................... yes
HiRes wheel support in libinput ........ yes
INTEGRITY HID .......................... no
mtdev .................................. yes
tslib .................................. yes
xkbcommon .............................. yes
X11 specific:
xlib ................................. yes
XCB Xlib ............................. yes
EGL on X11 ........................... yes
xkbcommon-x11 ........................ yes
xcb-sm ............................... yes
QPA backends:
DirectFB ............................... no
EGLFS .................................. yes
EGLFS details:
EGLFS OpenWFD ........................ no
EGLFS i.Mx6 .......................... no
EGLFS i.Mx6 Wayland .................. no
EGLFS RCAR ........................... no
EGLFS EGLDevice ...................... yes
EGLFS GBM ............................ yes
EGLFS VSP2 ........................... no
EGLFS Mali ........................... no
EGLFS Raspberry Pi ................... no
EGLFS X11 ............................ yes
LinuxFB ................................ yes
VNC .................................... yes
VK_KHR_display ......................... no
QNX:
lgmon ................................ no
IMF .................................. no
XCB:
Using system-provided xcb-xinput ..... no
GL integrations:
GLX Plugin ......................... no
XCB GLX .......................... no
EGL-X11 Plugin ..................... yes
Windows:
Direct 2D ............................ no
Direct 2D 1.1 ........................ no
DirectWrite .......................... no
DirectWrite 3 ........................ no
Qt Widgets:
GTK+ ................................... no
Styles ................................. Fusion Windows
Qt Testlib:
Tester for item models ................. yes
Batch tests ............................ no
Qt PrintSupport:
CUPS ................................... yes
Qt Sql Drivers:
DB2 (IBM) .............................. no
InterBase .............................. yes
MySql .................................. no
OCI (Oracle) ........................... no
ODBC ................................... no
PostgreSQL ............................. yes
SQLite ................................. yes
Using system provided SQLite ......... no
Mimer .................................. no
Note: Due to CMAKE_STAGING_PREFIX usage and an unfixed CMake bug,
to ensure correct build time rpaths, directory-level install
rules like ninja src/gui/install will not work.
Check QTBUG-102592 for further details.
--
Qt is now configured for building. Just run 'cmake --build . --parallel'
Once everything is built, you must run 'cmake --install .'
Qt will be installed into '/usr/local/qt6'
To configure and build other Qt modules, you can use the following convenience script:
/home/ulas/qt6/pi/bin/qt-configure-module
If reconfiguration fails for some reason, try removing 'CMakeCache.txt' from the build directory
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/ulas/qt6/pi-build
Then you can start build process.
cmake --build . --parallel 8
cmake --install .Send binaries to Rasperry pi
rsync -avz --rsync-path="sudo rsync" $HOME/qt6/pi/* ulas@192.168.16.25:/usr/local/qt6