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Fix kubernetes#2741. Add support for alternate Vagrant providers: VMW…
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…are Fusion, VMWare Workstation, and Parallels.
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@posita
posita committed Apr 17, 2015
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115 changes: 66 additions & 49 deletions developer-guides/vagrant.md
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Expand Up @@ -4,42 +4,54 @@ Running kubernetes with Vagrant (and VirtualBox) is an easy way to run/test/deve

### Prerequisites
1. Install latest version >= 1.6.2 of vagrant from http://www.vagrantup.com/downloads.html
2. Install latest version of Virtual Box from https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads
2. Install one of:
1. The latest version of Virtual Box from https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads
2. [VMWare Fusion](https://www.vmware.com/products/fusion/) version 5 or greater as well as the appropriate [Vagrant VMWare Fusion provider](https://www.vagrantup.com/vmware)
3. [VMWare Workstation](https://www.vmware.com/products/workstation/) version 9 or greater as well as the [Vagrant VMWare Workstation provider](https://www.vagrantup.com/vmware)
4. [Parallels Desktop](https://www.parallels.com/products/desktop/) version 9 or greater as well as the [Vagrant Parallels provider](https://parallels.github.io/vagrant-parallels/)
3. Get or build a [binary release](../../getting-started-guides/binary_release.md)

### Setup

By default, the Vagrant setup will create a single kubernetes-master and 1 kubernetes-minion. Each VM will take 1 GB, so make sure you have at least 2GB to 4GB of free memory (plus appropriate free disk space). To start your local cluster, open a shell and run:

```
```sh
cd kubernetes

export KUBERNETES_PROVIDER=vagrant
cluster/kube-up.sh
./cluster/kube-up.sh
```

The `KUBERNETES_PROVIDER` environment variable tells all of the various cluster management scripts which variant to use. If you forget to set this, the assumption is you are running on Google Compute Engine.

If you installed more than one Vagrant provider, Kubernetes will usually pick the appropriate one. However, you can override which one Kubernetes will use by setting the [`VAGRANT_DEFAULT_PROVIDER`](https://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/providers/default.html) environment variable:

```sh
export VAGRANT_DEFAULT_PROVIDER=parallels
export KUBERNETES_PROVIDER=vagrant
./cluster/kube-up.sh
```

Vagrant will provision each machine in the cluster with all the necessary components to run Kubernetes. The initial setup can take a few minutes to complete on each machine.

By default, each VM in the cluster is running Fedora, and all of the Kubernetes services are installed into systemd.

To access the master or any minion:

```
```sh
vagrant ssh master
vagrant ssh minion-1
```

If you are running more than one minion, you can access the others by:

```
```sh
vagrant ssh minion-2
vagrant ssh minion-3
```

To view the service status and/or logs on the kubernetes-master:
```
```sh
vagrant ssh master
[vagrant@kubernetes-master ~] $ sudo systemctl status kube-apiserver
[vagrant@kubernetes-master ~] $ sudo journalctl -r -u kube-apiserver
Expand All @@ -52,7 +64,7 @@ vagrant ssh master
```

To view the services on any of the kubernetes-minion(s):
```
```sh
vagrant ssh minion-1
[vagrant@kubernetes-minion-1] $ sudo systemctl status docker
[vagrant@kubernetes-minion-1] $ sudo journalctl -r -u docker
Expand All @@ -65,33 +77,32 @@ vagrant ssh minion-1
With your Kubernetes cluster up, you can manage the nodes in your cluster with the regular Vagrant commands.

To push updates to new Kubernetes code after making source changes:
```
cluster/kube-push.sh
```sh
./cluster/kube-push.sh
```

To stop and then restart the cluster:
```
```sh
vagrant halt
cluster/kube-up.sh
./cluster/kube-up.sh
```

To destroy the cluster:
```
```sh
vagrant destroy
```

Once your Vagrant machines are up and provisioned, the first thing to do is to check that you can use the `kubectl.sh` script.

You may need to build the binaries first, you can do this with ```make```

```
```sh
$ ./cluster/kubectl.sh get minions

NAME LABELS
10.245.1.4 <none>
10.245.1.5 <none>
10.245.1.3 <none>
```

### Interacting with your Kubernetes cluster with the `kube-*` scripts.
Expand All @@ -100,39 +111,39 @@ Alternatively to using the vagrant commands, you can also use the `cluster/kube-

All of these commands assume you have set `KUBERNETES_PROVIDER` appropriately:

```
```sh
export KUBERNETES_PROVIDER=vagrant
```

Bring up a vagrant cluster

```
cluster/kube-up.sh
```sh
./cluster/kube-up.sh
```

Destroy the vagrant cluster

```
cluster/kube-down.sh
```sh
./cluster/kube-down.sh
```

Update the vagrant cluster after you make changes (only works when building your own releases locally):

```
cluster/kube-push.sh
```sh
./cluster/kube-push.sh
```

Interact with the cluster

```
cluster/kubectl.sh
```sh
./cluster/kubectl.sh
```

### Authenticating with your master

When using the vagrant provider in Kubernetes, the `cluster/kubectl.sh` script will cache your credentials in a `~/.kubernetes_vagrant_auth` file so you will not be prompted for them in the future.

```
```sh
cat ~/.kubernetes_vagrant_auth
{ "User": "vagrant",
"Password": "vagrant"
Expand All @@ -144,22 +155,21 @@ cat ~/.kubernetes_vagrant_auth

You should now be set to use the `cluster/kubectl.sh` script. For example try to list the minions that you have started with:

```
cluster/kubectl.sh get minions
```sh
./cluster/kubectl.sh get minions
```

### Running containers

Your cluster is running, you can list the minions in your cluster:

```
$ cluster/kubectl.sh get minions
```sh
$ ./cluster/kubectl.sh get minions

NAME LABELS
10.245.2.4 <none>
10.245.2.3 <none>
10.245.2.2 <none>
```

Now start running some containers!
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -196,7 +206,7 @@ NAME IMAGE(S) HOST

You need to wait for the provisioning to complete, you can monitor the minions by doing:

```
```sh
$ sudo salt '*minion-1' cmd.run 'docker images'
kubernetes-minion-1:
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
Expand All @@ -206,7 +216,7 @@ kubernetes-minion-1:

Once the docker image for nginx has been downloaded, the container will start and you can list it:

```
```sh
$ sudo salt '*minion-1' cmd.run 'docker ps'
kubernetes-minion-1:
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -235,9 +245,9 @@ We did not start any services, hence there are none listed. But we see three rep
Check the [guestbook](../../examples/guestbook/README.md) application to learn how to create a service.
You can already play with resizing the replicas with:

```
$ cluster/kubectl.sh resize rc my-nginx --replicas=2
$ cluster/kubectl.sh get pods
```sh
$ ./cluster/kubectl.sh resize rc my-nginx --replicas=2
$ ./cluster/kubectl.sh get pods
NAME IMAGE(S) HOST LABELS STATUS
7813c8bd-3ffe-11e4-9036-0800279696e1 nginx 10.245.2.2/10.245.2.2 name=myNginx Running
78140853-3ffe-11e4-9036-0800279696e1 nginx 10.245.2.3/10.245.2.3 name=myNginx Running
Expand All @@ -247,72 +257,79 @@ Congratulations!

### Testing

The following will run all of the end-to-end testing scenarios assuming you set your environment in cluster/kube-env.sh
The following will run all of the end-to-end testing scenarios assuming you set your environment in `cluster/kube-env.sh`:

```
```sh
NUM_MINIONS=3 hack/e2e-test.sh
```

### Troubleshooting

#### I keep downloading the same (large) box all the time!

By default the Vagrantfile will download the box from S3. You can change this (and cache the box locally) by providing an alternate URL when calling `kube-up.sh`
By default the Vagrantfile will download the box from S3. You can change this (and cache the box locally) by providing a name and an alternate URL when calling `kube-up.sh`

```bash
```sh
export KUBERNETES_BOX_NAME=choose_your_own_name_for_your_kuber_box
export KUBERNETES_BOX_URL=path_of_your_kuber_box
export KUBERNETES_PROVIDER=vagrant
cluster/kube-up.sh
./cluster/kube-up.sh
```


#### I just created the cluster, but I am getting authorization errors!

You probably have an incorrect ~/.kubernetes_vagrant_auth file for the cluster you are attempting to contact.

```
```sh
rm ~/.kubernetes_vagrant_auth
```

After using kubectl.sh make sure that the correct credentials are set:

```
```sh
cat ~/.kubernetes_vagrant_auth
{
"User": "vagrant",
"Password": "vagrant"
}
```

#### I just created the cluster, but I do not see my container running !
#### I just created the cluster, but I do not see my container running!

If this is your first time creating the cluster, the kubelet on each minion schedules a number of docker pull requests to fetch prerequisite images. This can take some time and as a result may delay your initial pod getting provisioned.

#### I changed Kubernetes code, but it's not running !
#### I changed Kubernetes code, but it's not running!

Are you sure there was no build error? After running `$ vagrant provision`, scroll up and ensure that each Salt state was completed successfully on each box in the cluster.
It's very likely you see a build error due to an error in your source files!

#### I have brought Vagrant up but the minions won't validate !
#### I have brought Vagrant up but the minions won't validate!

Are you sure you built a release first? Did you install `net-tools`? For more clues, login to one of the minions (`vagrant ssh minion-1`) and inspect the salt minion log (`sudo cat /var/log/salt/minion`).

#### I want to change the number of minions !
#### I want to change the number of minions!

You can control the number of minions that are instantiated via the environment variable `NUM_MINIONS` on your host machine. If you plan to work with replicas, we strongly encourage you to work with enough minions to satisfy your largest intended replica size. If you do not plan to work with replicas, you can save some system resources by running with a single minion. You do this, by setting `NUM_MINIONS` to 1 like so:

```
```sh
export NUM_MINIONS=1
```

#### I want my VMs to have more memory !
#### I want my VMs to have more memory!

You can control the memory allotted to virtual machines with the `KUBERNETES_MEMORY` environment variable.
Just set it to the number of megabytes you would like the machines to have. For example:

```
```sh
export KUBERNETES_MEMORY=2048
```

If you need more granular control, you can set the amount of memory for the master and minions independently. For example:

```sh
export KUBERNETES_MASTER_MEMORY=1536
export KUBERNETES_MASTER_MINION=2048
```

#### I ran vagrant suspend and nothing works!
```vagrant suspend``` seems to mess up the network. It's not supported at this time.

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