Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\runpy.py", line 197, in _run_module_as_main
    return _run_code(code, main_globals, None,
  File "C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\runpy.py", line 87, in _run_code
    exec(code, run_globals)
  File "C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\Scripts\jupyter-nbconvert.EXE\__main__.py", line 7, in <module>
  File "C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\jupyter_core\application.py", line 276, in launch_instance
    return super().launch_instance(argv=argv, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\traitlets\config\application.py", line 992, in launch_instance
    app.start()
  File "C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\nbconvert\nbconvertapp.py", line 426, in start
    self.convert_notebooks()
  File "C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\nbconvert\nbconvertapp.py", line 600, in convert_notebooks
    self.convert_single_notebook(notebook_filename)
  File "C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\nbconvert\nbconvertapp.py", line 563, in convert_single_notebook
    output, resources = self.export_single_notebook(
  File "C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\nbconvert\nbconvertapp.py", line 491, in export_single_notebook
    output, resources = self.exporter.from_filename(
  File "C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\nbconvert\exporters\exporter.py", line 190, in from_filename
    return self.from_file(f, resources=resources, **kw)
  File "C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\nbconvert\exporters\exporter.py", line 207, in from_file
    return self.from_notebook_node(
  File "C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\nbconvert\exporters\notebook.py", line 35, in from_notebook_node
    nb_copy, resources = super().from_notebook_node(nb, resources, **kw)
  File "C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\nbconvert\exporters\exporter.py", line 147, in from_notebook_node
    nb_copy, resources = self._preprocess(nb_copy, resources)
  File "C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\nbconvert\exporters\exporter.py", line 342, in _preprocess
    nbc, resc = preprocessor(nbc, resc)
  File "C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\nbconvert\preprocessors\base.py", line 47, in __call__
    return self.preprocess(nb, resources)
  File "C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\nbconvert\preprocessors\execute.py", line 91, in preprocess
    self.preprocess_cell(cell, resources, index)
  File "C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\nbconvert\preprocessors\execute.py", line 112, in preprocess_cell
    cell = self.execute_cell(cell, index, store_history=True)
  File "C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\jupyter_core\utils\__init__.py", line 160, in wrapped
    return loop.run_until_complete(inner)
  File "C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\nest_asyncio.py", line 90, in run_until_complete
    return f.result()
  File "C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\asyncio\futures.py", line 201, in result
    raise self._exception
  File "C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\asyncio\tasks.py", line 256, in __step
    result = coro.send(None)
  File "C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\nbclient\client.py", line 1021, in async_execute_cell
    await self._check_raise_for_error(cell, cell_index, exec_reply)
  File "C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\nbclient\client.py", line 915, in _check_raise_for_error
    raise CellExecutionError.from_cell_and_msg(cell, exec_reply_content)
nbclient.exceptions.CellExecutionError: An error occurred while executing the following cell:
------------------
SIEVE_THRESHOLD = 10

for image_with_water in IMAGES:
    # Mask out all values below the mndwi threshold (these are not water)
    water_mask = np.ma.masked_less(  # type: ignore[no-untyped-call]
        image_with_water["mndwi"], MNDWI_THRESHOLD
    )

    # Extract the polygons from the mask
    water_polygons = rasterio.features.shapes(
        source=water_mask.astype("uint8"),
        transform=image_with_water["transform_window"],
    )

    # Add all polygons to the list
    water_polygons = list(water_polygons)

    # Extract the polygon coordinates and values from the list
    polygons = [polygon for polygon, value in water_polygons]
    values = [str(int(value)) for polygon, value in water_polygons]

    # Convert polygons into a shapely.shape
    polygons = [shape(polygon) for polygon in polygons]

    # Create a geopandas dataframe populated with the polygon shapes
    water_geodataframe = gpd.GeoDataFrame(
        {"is_water": values, "geometry": polygons}, crs=image_with_water["src_crs"]
    )

    # Dissolve all records into two records. is water / is not water
    is_water = water_geodataframe.dissolve(by="is_water")

    # Select only the water records
    water = is_water.query("is_water=='0'")

    # Export the polygons
    water.to_file(
        os.path.join(
            OUTPUT_DIRECTORY, f"water_mndwi_{image_with_water['image_id']}.shp"
        )
    )

    # Export the accompanying Sentinel-2 image
    export_raster(image_with_water)

    # Export working steps if desired
    image_with_water["water"] = water
    image_with_water["water_mask"] = water_mask
    if len(water.area) == 1:
        image_with_water["area"] = water.area[0] / 1000000  # in km2
    else:
        image_with_water["area"] = 0
------------------

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
OSError                                   Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In[12], line 31
     26 water_geodataframe = gpd.GeoDataFrame(
     27     {"is_water": values, "geometry": polygons}, crs=image_with_water["src_crs"]
     28 )
     30 # Dissolve all records into two records. is water / is not water
---> 31 is_water = water_geodataframe.dissolve(by="is_water")
     33 # Select only the water records
     34 water = is_water.query("is_water=='0'")

File C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\geopandas\geodataframe.py:1684, in GeoDataFrame.dissolve(self, by, aggfunc, as_index, level, sort, observed, dropna)
   1681     merged_geom = block.unary_union
   1682     return merged_geom
-> 1684 g = self.groupby(group_keys=False, **groupby_kwargs)[self.geometry.name].agg(
   1685     merge_geometries
   1686 )
   1688 # Aggregate
   1689 aggregated_geometry = GeoDataFrame(g, geometry=self.geometry.name, crs=self.crs)

File C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\groupby\generic.py:265, in SeriesGroupBy.aggregate(self, func, engine, engine_kwargs, *args, **kwargs)
    262     return self._python_agg_general(func, *args, **kwargs)
    264 try:
--> 265     return self._python_agg_general(func, *args, **kwargs)
    266 except KeyError:
    267     # TODO: KeyError is raised in _python_agg_general,
    268     #  see test_groupby.test_basic
    269     result = self._aggregate_named(func, *args, **kwargs)

File C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\groupby\groupby.py:1332, in GroupBy._python_agg_general(self, func, *args, **kwargs)
   1328 name = obj.name
   1330 try:
   1331     # if this function is invalid for this dtype, we will ignore it.
-> 1332     result = self.grouper.agg_series(obj, f)
   1333 except TypeError:
   1334     warnings.warn(
   1335         f"Dropping invalid columns in {type(self).__name__}.agg "
   1336         "is deprecated. In a future version, a TypeError will be raised. "
   (...)
   1340         stacklevel=3,
   1341     )

File C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\groupby\ops.py:1047, in BaseGrouper.agg_series(self, obj, func, preserve_dtype)
   1040     result = self._aggregate_series_pure_python(obj, func)
   1042 elif not isinstance(obj._values, np.ndarray):
   1043     # _aggregate_series_fast would raise TypeError when
   1044     #  calling libreduction.Slider
   1045     # In the datetime64tz case it would incorrectly cast to tz-naive
   1046     # TODO: can we get a performant workaround for EAs backed by ndarray?
-> 1047     result = self._aggregate_series_pure_python(obj, func)
   1049     # we can preserve a little bit more aggressively with EA dtype
   1050     #  because maybe_cast_pointwise_result will do a try/except
   1051     #  with _from_sequence.  NB we are assuming here that _from_sequence
   1052     #  is sufficiently strict that it casts appropriately.
   1053     preserve_dtype = True

File C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\groupby\ops.py:1104, in BaseGrouper._aggregate_series_pure_python(self, obj, func)
   1098 splitter = get_splitter(obj, ids, ngroups, axis=0)
   1100 for i, group in enumerate(splitter):
   1101
   1102     # Each step of this loop corresponds to
   1103     #  libreduction._BaseGrouper._apply_to_group
-> 1104     res = func(group)
   1105     res = libreduction.extract_result(res)
   1107     if not initialized:
   1108         # We only do this validation on the first iteration

File C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\groupby\groupby.py:1318, in GroupBy._python_agg_general.<locals>.<lambda>(x)
   1315 @final
   1316 def _python_agg_general(self, func, *args, **kwargs):
   1317     func = com.is_builtin_func(func)
-> 1318     f = lambda x: func(x, *args, **kwargs)
   1320     # iterate through "columns" ex exclusions to populate output dict
   1321     output: dict[base.OutputKey, ArrayLike] = {}

File C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\geopandas\geodataframe.py:1681, in GeoDataFrame.dissolve.<locals>.merge_geometries(block)
   1680 def merge_geometries(block):
-> 1681     merged_geom = block.unary_union
   1682     return merged_geom

File C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\geopandas\base.py:800, in GeoPandasBase.unary_union(self)
    781 @property
    782 def unary_union(self):
    783     """Returns a geometry containing the union of all geometries in the
    784     ``GeoSeries``.
    785
   (...)
    798     POLYGON ((0 1, 0 2, 2 2, 2 0, 1 0, 0 0, 0 1))
    799     """
--> 800     return self.geometry.values.unary_union()

File C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\geopandas\array.py:650, in GeometryArray.unary_union(self)
    649 def unary_union(self):
--> 650     return vectorized.unary_union(self.data)

File C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\geopandas\_vectorized.py:1034, in unary_union(data)
   1032 data = [g for g in data if g is not None]
   1033 if data:
-> 1034     return shapely.ops.unary_union(data)
   1035 else:
   1036     return None

File C:\Miniconda\envs\__setup_conda\lib\site-packages\shapely\ops.py:161, in CollectionOperator.unary_union(self, geoms)
    159     subs[i] = g._geom
    160 collection = lgeos.GEOSGeom_createCollection(6, subs, L)
--> 161 return geom_factory(lgeos.methods['unary_union'](collection))

OSError: exception: access violation writing 0x0000000000001101