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README.md

Introduction

This directory contains our TF implementation of Transformer-XL. Note that our state-of-the-art results reported in the paper were obtained by training the model on a large-scale TPU cluster, and our gpu codebase currently does not support distributed training. Here we provide two sets of hyperparameters and scripts:

  • *large_tpu.sh are for the SoTA setting on TPUs. These are exactly the commands we used to obtained our best results.
  • *base_gpu.sh are for the base models which can be run on a few GPUs.

Prerequisite

  • Python 2.7
  • Tensorflow 1.12.0

Obtain and evaluate pretrained SoTA models

1. Download preprocessed data (vocab) & pretrained models

(a) Set your own DATA_ROOT in sota/download.sh (default to ./), which will be the root diretory of downloaded model.

(b) Then, download the model & data by bash sota/download.sh. After downloading, the expected directory structure is as follows

pretrained_xl
  tf_enwik8/
    data/
      cache.pkl
      corpus-info.json
    model/
      checkpoint
      model.ckpt*
  tf_wt103/
  	...
  ...

Note: we include preprocessed data in the download files to make sure the same vocabulary is used. Please see the code tf/data_utils.py to understand the data structure.

2. Run evaluation scripts to replicate SoTA results on GPUs

  • enwik8: modify the script sota/enwik8.sh accordingly (see below)

    • set DATA_ROOT to the same folder used in the download step (default to ./)
    • set TEST_NUM_CORE (number of GPUs to use): we recommend 2 GPUs => about 60 mins
    • run the script: bash sota/enwik8.sh

  • lm1b: modify the script sota/lm1b.sh accordingly (see below)

    • set DATA_ROOT to the same folder used in the download step (default to ./)
    • set TEST_NUM_CORE (number of GPUs to use): we recommend 1 GPUs => less than 5 mins
    • run the script: bash sota/lm1b.sh

  • wt103: modify the script sota/wt103.sh accordingly (see below)

    • set DATA_ROOT to the same folder used in the download step (default to ./)
    • set TEST_NUM_CORE (number of GPUs to use): we recommend 1 GPUs => less than 5 mins
    • run the script: bash sota/wt103.sh

  • text8: modify the script sota/text8.sh accordingly (see below)

    • set DATA_ROOT to the same folder used in the download step (default to ./)
    • set TEST_NUM_CORE (number of GPUs to use): we recommend 2 GPUs => about 60 mins
    • run the script: bash sota/text8.sh

3. Resources Needed for SoTA Model Training

We used 32, 32, 64, and 512 TPU cores for training our best models on enwik8, text8, wt103, and lm1b respectively. The training time for each model ranges from 2 to 5 days.

Train "Transformer-XL" from scratch with GPUs or TPUs

1. Download raw data

bash getdata.sh

2. Preprocess, training and evaluation

For dataset in [enwik8, lm1b, wt103, text8]:

  • check out scripts/dataset_base_gpu.sh for GPU training and evaluation
  • check out scripts/dataset_large_tpu.sh for TPU training and evaluation

(1) Preprocess raw data and create tfrecords

NOTE: The preprocessing for GPU and TPU are different. So, you have to run them separately.

GPU:

  • create training and validation data: bash scripts/dataset_bas_gpu.sh train_data
  • create test data: bash scripts/dataset_base_gpu.sh test_data

TPU:

  • Set the Google storage URL in scripts/dataset_large_tpu.sh:
    • GSDATA: data URL
    • GSEXP: experiment URL
  • create training and validation data: bash scripts/dataset_large_tpu.sh train_data
  • create test data: bash scripts/dataset_large_tpu.sh test_data

(2) Run training

Base models on GPUs:

  • Modify the configurations in scripts/dataset_base_gpu.sh according to your needs.
  • bash scripts/dataset_base_gpu.sh train
  • If enough resources are available, increasing the model sizes (e.g., N_LAYER, D_MODEL, D_EMBED, D_HEAD, D_INNER) so that they are closer to the values defined in scripts/dataset_large_tpu.sh. Likewise, when resources are limited, decrease the model sizes. It is recommended to ensure that D_MODEL == D_EMBED and D_MODEL == N_HEAD x D_HEAD. When the model sizes increase, remember to increase warmup_steps accordingly to alleviate optimization difficulties.
  • Adjust the NUM_CORE parameter to reflect the number of GPUs to use.

Larger models on TPUs:

  • Modify the configurations in scripts/dataset_large_tpu.sh according to your needs.
  • bash scripts/dataset_large_tpu.sh train

(3) Run evaluation

Base models on GPUs:

  • bash scripts/dataset_base_gpu.sh eval --eval_ckpt_path PATH_TO_CKPT

Larger models on TPUs:

  • bash scripts/dataset_base_tpu.sh eval --eval_ckpt_path PATH_TO_CKPT