PyPSA · lisazeyen · Aug 2, 2024 · Jul 3, 2024 · Jul 3, 2024 · Jul 4, 2024
diff --git a/config/config.default.yaml b/config/config.default.yaml
@@ -597,6 +597,7 @@ sector:
   conventional_generation:
     OCGT: gas
   biomass_to_liquid: false
+  electrobiofuels: false
   biosng: false
   limit_max_growth:
     enable: false
@@ -1029,6 +1030,7 @@ plotting:
     services rural biomass boiler: '#c6cf98'
     services urban decentral biomass boiler: '#dde5b5'
     biomass to liquid: '#32CD32'
+    electrobiofuels: 'red'
     BioSNG: '#123456'
     # power transmission
     lines: '#6c9459'

diff --git a/doc/configtables/sector.csv b/doc/configtables/sector.csv
@@ -138,6 +138,7 @@ biomass_transport,--,"{true, false}",Add option for transporting solid biomass b
 biogas_upgrading_cc,--,"{true, false}",Add option to capture CO2 from biomass upgrading
 conventional_generation,,,Add a more detailed description of conventional carriers. Any power generation requires the consumption of fuel from nodes representing that fuel.
 biomass_to_liquid,--,"{true, false}",Add option for transforming solid biomass into liquid fuel with the same properties as oil
+electrobiofuels,--,"{true, false}","Add option for transforming solid biomass and hydrogen into liquid fuel to make more use of biogenic carbon, as a combination of BtL and Fischer-Tropsch"
 biosng,--,"{true, false}",Add option for transforming solid biomass into synthesis gas with the same properties as natural gas
 limit_max_growth,,,
 -- enable,--,"{true, false}",Add option to limit the maximum growth of a carrier

diff --git a/doc/release_notes.rst b/doc/release_notes.rst
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ Release Notes
 Upcoming Release
 ================
 
+* Add option to produce electrobiofuels from solid biomass and hydrogen, as a combination of BtL and Fischer-Tropsch to make more use of the biogenic carbon
+
 * Add flag ``sector: fossil_fuels`` in config to remove the option of importing fossil fuels
 
 * Renamed the carrier of batteries in BEVs from `battery storage` to `EV battery` and the corresponding bus carrier from `Li ion` to `EV battery`. This is to avoid confusion with stationary battery storage.

diff --git a/scripts/prepare_sector_network.py b/scripts/prepare_sector_network.py
@@ -2511,6 +2511,43 @@ def add_biomass(n, costs):
             marginal_cost=costs.at["BtL", "efficiency"] * costs.at["BtL", "VOM"],
         )
 
+    # Electrobiofuels (BtL with hydrogen addition to make more use of biogenic carbon).
+    # Combination of efuels and biomass to liquid, both based on Fischer-Tropsch.
+    # Experimental version - use with caution
+    if options["electrobiofuels"]:
+
+        efuel_scale_factor = costs.at["BtL", "C stored"]
+        name = (
+            pd.Index(spatial.biomass.nodes)
+            + " "
+            + pd.Index(spatial.h2.nodes.str.replace(" H2", ""))
+        )
+        n.madd(
+            "Link",
+            name,
+            suffix=" electrobiofuels",
+            bus0=spatial.biomass.nodes,
+            bus1=spatial.oil.nodes,
+            bus2=spatial.h2.nodes,
+            bus3="co2 atmosphere",
+            carrier="electrobiofuels",
+            lifetime=costs.at["electrobiofuels", "lifetime"],
+            efficiency=costs.at["electrobiofuels", "efficiency-biomass"],
+            efficiency2=-costs.at["electrobiofuels", "efficiency-hydrogen"],
+            efficiency3=-costs.at["solid biomass", "CO2 intensity"]
+            + costs.at["BtL", "CO2 stored"]
+            * (1 - costs.at["Fischer-Tropsch", "capture rate"]),
+            p_nom_extendable=True,
+            capital_cost=costs.at["BtL", "fixed"] * costs.at["BtL", "efficiency"]
+            + efuel_scale_factor
+            * costs.at["Fischer-Tropsch", "fixed"]
+            * costs.at["Fischer-Tropsch", "efficiency"],
+            marginal_cost=costs.at["BtL", "VOM"] * costs.at["BtL", "efficiency"]
+            + efuel_scale_factor
+            * costs.at["Fischer-Tropsch", "VOM"]
+            * costs.at["Fischer-Tropsch", "efficiency"],
+        )
+
     # BioSNG from solid biomass
     if options["biosng"]:
         n.madd(