diff --git a/bcos-framework/bcos-framework/transaction-scheduler/TransactionScheduler.h b/bcos-framework/bcos-framework/transaction-scheduler/TransactionScheduler.h
index 7264bcb5b8..c56eb9409c 100644
--- a/bcos-framework/bcos-framework/transaction-scheduler/TransactionScheduler.h
+++ b/bcos-framework/bcos-framework/transaction-scheduler/TransactionScheduler.h
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include "../protocol/Block.h"
+#include "../protocol/BlockHeader.h"
+#include "../protocol/TransactionReceipt.h"
 #include "bcos-task/Task.h"
 #include "bcos-task/Trait.h"
-#include "bcos-utilities/Ranges.h"
 
 namespace bcos::transaction_scheduler
 {
diff --git a/bcos-rpc/bcos-rpc/web3jsonrpc/endpoints/EthEndpoint.cpp b/bcos-rpc/bcos-rpc/web3jsonrpc/endpoints/EthEndpoint.cpp
index 62d509dd81..ea2d2e8098 100644
--- a/bcos-rpc/bcos-rpc/web3jsonrpc/endpoints/EthEndpoint.cpp
+++ b/bcos-rpc/bcos-rpc/web3jsonrpc/endpoints/EthEndpoint.cpp
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 #include <bcos-rpc/web3jsonrpc/utils/Common.h>
 #include <bcos-rpc/web3jsonrpc/utils/util.h>
 #include <bcos-tars-protocol/protocol/TransactionImpl.h>
+#include <variant>
 
 using namespace bcos;
 using namespace bcos::rpc;
@@ -475,71 +476,68 @@ task::Task<void> EthEndpoint::call(const Json::Value& request, Json::Value& resp
         BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(
             JsonRpcException(JsonRpcError::InternalError, "Scheduler not available!"));
     }
-    auto [valid, call] = decodeCallRequest(request[0u]);
+    auto [valid, call] = decodeCallRequest(request[0U]);
     if (!valid)
     {
         BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(JsonRpcException(InvalidParams, "Invalid call request!"));
     }
-    auto const blockTag = toView(request[1u]);
+    auto const blockTag = toView(request[1U]);
     auto [blockNumber, _] = co_await getBlockNumberByTag(blockTag);
     if (c_fileLogLevel == TRACE)
     {
         WEB3_LOG(TRACE) << LOG_DESC("eth_call") << LOG_KV("call", call)
                         << LOG_KV("blockTag", blockTag) << LOG_KV("blockNumber", blockNumber);
     }
-    auto const tx = call.takeToTransaction(m_nodeService->blockFactory()->transactionFactory());
-    // TODO: ignore params blockNumber here, use it after historical data is available
-    std::variant<Error::Ptr, protocol::TransactionReceipt::Ptr> variantResult{};
-    // MOVE it into a new file
+    auto tx = call.takeToTransaction(m_nodeService->blockFactory()->transactionFactory());
     struct Awaitable
     {
         bcos::scheduler::SchedulerInterface& m_scheduler;
-        bcos::protocol::Transaction::Ptr m_tx;
-        std::variant<Error::Ptr, protocol::TransactionReceipt::Ptr>& m_result;
+        bcos::protocol::Transaction::Ptr& m_tx;
+        Error::Ptr m_error;
+        Json::Value& m_response;
+
         constexpr static bool await_ready() noexcept { return false; }
-        void await_suspend(std::coroutine_handle<> handle) noexcept
+        void await_suspend(std::coroutine_handle<> handle)
         {
             m_scheduler.call(m_tx, [this, handle](Error::Ptr&& error, auto&& result) {
                 if (error)
                 {
-                    m_result.emplace<Error::Ptr>(std::move(error));
+                    m_error = std::move(error);
                 }
                 else
                 {
-                    m_result.emplace<protocol::TransactionReceipt::Ptr>(std::move(result));
+                    auto output = toHexStringWithPrefix(result->output());
+                    if (result->status() == static_cast<int32_t>(protocol::TransactionStatus::None))
+                    {
+                        m_response["jsonrpc"] = "2.0";
+                        m_response["result"] = output;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        // https://docs.infura.io/api/networks/ethereum/json-rpc-methods/eth_call#returns
+                        Json::Value jsonResult = Json::objectValue;
+                        jsonResult["code"] = result->status();
+                        jsonResult["message"] = result->message();
+                        jsonResult["data"] = output;
+                        m_response["jsonrpc"] = "2.0";
+                        m_response["error"] = std::move(jsonResult);
+                    }
                 }
+
                 handle.resume();
             });
         }
-        protocol::TransactionReceipt::Ptr await_resume()
+        void await_resume()
         {
-            if (std::holds_alternative<Error::Ptr>(m_result))
+            if (m_error)
             {
-                BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(*std::get<Error::Ptr>(m_result));
+                BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(*m_error);
             }
-            return std::get<protocol::TransactionReceipt::Ptr>(m_result);
         }
     };
-    auto const result =
-        co_await Awaitable{.m_scheduler = *scheduler, .m_tx = tx, .m_result = variantResult};
-
-    auto output = toHexStringWithPrefix(result->output());
-    if (result->status() == static_cast<int32_t>(protocol::TransactionStatus::None))
-    {
-        response["jsonrpc"] = "2.0";
-        response["result"] = std::move(output);
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        // https://docs.infura.io/api/networks/ethereum/json-rpc-methods/eth_call#returns
-        Json::Value jsonResult = Json::objectValue;
-        jsonResult["code"] = result->status();
-        jsonResult["message"] = result->message();
-        jsonResult["data"] = std::move(output);
-        response["jsonrpc"] = "2.0";
-        response["error"] = std::move(jsonResult);
-    }
-    co_return;
+    Awaitable awaitable{
+        .m_scheduler = *scheduler, .m_tx = tx, .m_error = {}, .m_response = response};
+    co_await awaitable;
 }
 task::Task<void> EthEndpoint::estimateGas(const Json::Value& request, Json::Value& response)
 {
diff --git a/transaction-executor/bcos-transaction-executor/vm/HostContext.cpp b/transaction-executor/bcos-transaction-executor/vm/HostContext.cpp
index 5e5f4abe55..95e34a5cf8 100644
--- a/transaction-executor/bcos-transaction-executor/vm/HostContext.cpp
+++ b/transaction-executor/bcos-transaction-executor/vm/HostContext.cpp
@@ -58,3 +58,19 @@ std::variant<const evmc_message*, evmc_message> bcos::transaction_executor::getM
     }
     return message;
 }
+
+bcos::transaction_executor::CacheExecutables& bcos::transaction_executor::getCacheExecutables()
+{
+    struct CacheExecutables
+    {
+        bcos::transaction_executor::CacheExecutables m_cachedExecutables;
+
+        CacheExecutables()
+        {
+            constexpr static auto maxContracts = 100;
+            m_cachedExecutables.setMaxCapacity(sizeof(std::shared_ptr<Executable>) * maxContracts);
+        }
+    } static cachedExecutables;
+
+    return cachedExecutables.m_cachedExecutables;
+}
diff --git a/transaction-executor/bcos-transaction-executor/vm/HostContext.h b/transaction-executor/bcos-transaction-executor/vm/HostContext.h
index e9a552c9ab..cac96102b6 100644
--- a/transaction-executor/bcos-transaction-executor/vm/HostContext.h
+++ b/transaction-executor/bcos-transaction-executor/vm/HostContext.h
@@ -75,35 +75,34 @@ std::variant<const evmc_message*, evmc_message> getMessage(const evmc_message& i
 
 struct Executable
 {
-    explicit Executable(storage::Entry code, evmc_revision revision)
+    Executable(storage::Entry code, evmc_revision revision)
       : m_code(std::make_optional(std::move(code))),
-        m_revision(revision),
         m_vmInstance(VMFactory::create(VMKind::evmone,
             bytesConstRef(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(m_code->data()), m_code->size()),
-            m_revision))
+            revision))
     {}
     explicit Executable(bytesConstRef code, evmc_revision revision)
       : m_vmInstance(VMFactory::create(VMKind::evmone, code, revision))
     {}
 
     std::optional<storage::Entry> m_code;
-    evmc_revision m_revision;
     VMInstance m_vmInstance;
 };
 
 template <class Storage>
 using Account = ledger::account::EVMAccount<Storage>;
 
-inline task::Task<std::shared_ptr<Executable>> getExecutable(
-    auto& storage, const evmc_address& address, const evmc_revision& revision)
-{
-    static storage2::memory_storage::MemoryStorage<evmc_address, std::shared_ptr<Executable>,
+using CacheExecutables =
+    storage2::memory_storage::MemoryStorage<evmc_address, std::shared_ptr<Executable>,
         storage2::memory_storage::Attribute(
             storage2::memory_storage::LRU | storage2::memory_storage::CONCURRENT),
-        std::hash<evmc_address>>
-        cachedExecutables;
+        std::hash<evmc_address>>;
+CacheExecutables& getCacheExecutables();
 
-    if (auto executable = co_await storage2::readOne(cachedExecutables, address))
+inline task::Task<std::shared_ptr<Executable>> getExecutable(
+    auto& storage, const evmc_address& address, const evmc_revision& revision)
+{
+    if (auto executable = co_await storage2::readOne(getCacheExecutables(), address))
     {
         co_return std::move(*executable);
     }
@@ -111,9 +110,8 @@ inline task::Task<std::shared_ptr<Executable>> getExecutable(
     Account<std::decay_t<decltype(storage)>> account(storage, address);
     if (auto codeEntry = co_await ledger::account::code(account))
     {
-        auto executable =
-            std::make_shared<Executable>(Executable(std::move(*codeEntry), std::move(revision)));
-        co_await storage2::writeOne(cachedExecutables, address, executable);
+        auto executable = std::make_shared<Executable>(Executable(std::move(*codeEntry), revision));
+        co_await storage2::writeOne(getCacheExecutables(), address, executable);
         co_return executable;
     }
     co_return std::shared_ptr<Executable>{};
diff --git a/transaction-scheduler/bcos-transaction-scheduler/BaselineScheduler.h b/transaction-scheduler/bcos-transaction-scheduler/BaselineScheduler.h
index 7df398a7da..a70f798464 100644
--- a/transaction-scheduler/bcos-transaction-scheduler/BaselineScheduler.h
+++ b/transaction-scheduler/bcos-transaction-scheduler/BaselineScheduler.h
@@ -661,7 +661,7 @@ class BaselineScheduler : public scheduler::SchedulerInterface
         callback(nullptr);
     }
 
-    void stop() override{};
+    void stop() override {};
 
     void registerTransactionNotifier(std::function<void(bcos::protocol::BlockNumber,
             bcos::protocol::TransactionSubmitResultsPtr, std::function<void(Error::Ptr)>)>