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spider.py
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from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
import re
import time
import json
from lxml import etree
def get_topics(topics):
headers={
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/64.0.3282.140 Safari/537.36 Edge/18.17763'
}
a=requests.session()
'''
s=a.get('https://www.zhihu.com/topics',headers=headers)
soup=BeautifulSoup(s.text,'html.parser')
hrefs=soup.find_all("a",target='_blank')
for x in hrefs:
ornum=x.get("href")
num=re.findall('/topic/(\d*)',ornum)
if num:
topics.add(num[0])
'''
father_topicid=[1761,3324,833,99,69,113]
for i in father_topicid:
offset=0
while 1:
time.sleep(0.2)
data = {'method': 'next',
"params": json.dumps({"topic_id": i, "offset": offset, "hash_id": ""})}
try:
nexts=a.post('https://www.zhihu.com/node/TopicsPlazzaListV2',data=data,headers=headers)
n=json.loads(nexts.text)['msg']
if len(n) == 0:
print("break 0")
break
except:
print("break 1")
break
for x in n:
topic_id=re.findall('<a target="_blank" href="/topic/(\d*)">', x)[0]
topic_name=re.findall('<strong>(.*)</strong>', x)[0]
topics.add((topic_id, topic_name))
offset += 20
print(len(topics))
print(topics)
def get_top_answer(url,topic_name,top_answer_list,question_id_set):
headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/64.0.3282.140 Safari/537.36 Edge/18.17763'
}
offset=0
topics = {}
topics['topic']=topic_name
top_answers = []
count = 0
while count<20:
s=requests.get(url+str(offset)+'&limit=10',headers=headers)
try:
data=json.loads(s.text)['data']
except:
print("break 2")
break
for x in data:
#print(x['target']['author'])
#print(x['target']['voteup_count'])
try:
#print(x['target']['question'])
answer = {}
answer['question_title']=x['target']['question']['title']
answer['question_url']=x['target']['question']['url'].replace('api/v4/','')
question_id_set.add(re.findall('questions/(\d*)',x['target']['question']['url'])[0])
answer['username']=x['target']['author']['name']
answer['userlink']=x['target']['author']['url'].replace('api/v4/','')
answer['answer_url']=x['target']['url'].replace('api/v4/','')
answer['content']=x['target']['content']
answer['voteup']=x['target']['voteup_count']
top_answers.append(answer)
#print(x['target']['content'])
count=count+1
except:
pass
print('count'+str(count))
offset+=10
paging=json.loads(s.text)['paging']
if paging['is_end']==True:
break
topics['top_answer_20']=top_answers
if count >= 20:
top_answer_list.append(topics)
def from_topic_to_answer(topics,question_id_set):
top_answer_list=[]
url1='https://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/topics/'
url2='/feeds/essence?include=data%5B%3F(target.type%3Dtopic_sticky_module)%5D.target.data%5B%3F(target.type%3Danswer)%5D.target.content%2Crelationship.is_authorized%2Cis_author%2Cvoting%2Cis_thanked%2Cis_nothelp%3Bdata%5B%3F(target.type%3Dtopic_sticky_module)%5D.target.data%5B%3F(target.type%3Danswer)%5D.target.is_normal%2Ccomment_count%2Cvoteup_count%2Ccontent%2Crelevant_info%2Cexcerpt.author.badge%5B%3F(type%3Dbest_answerer)%5D.topics%3Bdata%5B%3F(target.type%3Dtopic_sticky_module)%5D.target.data%5B%3F(target.type%3Darticle)%5D.target.content%2Cvoteup_count%2Ccomment_count%2Cvoting%2Cauthor.badge%5B%3F(type%3Dbest_answerer)%5D.topics%3Bdata%5B%3F(target.type%3Dtopic_sticky_module)%5D.target.data%5B%3F(target.type%3Dpeople)%5D.target.answer_count%2Carticles_count%2Cgender%2Cfollower_count%2Cis_followed%2Cis_following%2Cbadge%5B%3F(type%3Dbest_answerer)%5D.topics%3Bdata%5B%3F(target.type%3Danswer)%5D.target.annotation_detail%2Ccontent%2Chermes_label%2Cis_labeled%2Crelationship.is_authorized%2Cis_author%2Cvoting%2Cis_thanked%2Cis_nothelp%3Bdata%5B%3F(target.type%3Danswer)%5D.target.author.badge%5B%3F(type%3Dbest_answerer)%5D.topics%3Bdata%5B%3F(target.type%3Darticle)%5D.target.annotation_detail%2Ccontent%2Chermes_label%2Cis_labeled%2Cauthor.badge%5B%3F(type%3Dbest_answerer)%5D.topics%3Bdata%5B%3F(target.type%3Dquestion)%5D.target.annotation_detail%2Ccomment_count%3B&offset='
while len(topics)!=0 and len(top_answer_list)<500:
time.sleep(0.2)
topic_tup=topics.pop()
print(topic_tup)
url=url1+topic_tup[0]+url2
get_top_answer(url,topic_tup[1],top_answer_list,question_id_set)
with open('D:\\top_answer.json','w+',encoding='utf-8') as f:
json.dump(top_answer_list,f,ensure_ascii=False,indent=4)
def get_question_answer(question_id_set):
origin_url='https://www.zhihu.com/question/'
next_url1='https://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/questions/'
next_url2='/answers?include=data%5B%2A%5D.is_normal%2Cadmin_closed_comment%2Creward_info%2Cis_collapsed%2Cannotation_action%2Cannotation_detail%2Ccollapse_reason%2Cis_sticky%2Ccollapsed_by%2Csuggest_edit%2Ccomment_count%2Ccan_comment%2Ccontent%2Ceditable_content%2Cvoteup_count%2Creshipment_settings%2Ccomment_permission%2Ccreated_time%2Cupdated_time%2Creview_info%2Crelevant_info%2Cquestion%2Cexcerpt%2Crelationship.is_authorized%2Cis_author%2Cvoting%2Cis_thanked%2Cis_nothelp%2Cis_labeled%2Cis_recognized%2Cpaid_info%2Cpaid_info_content%3Bdata%5B%2A%5D.mark_infos%5B%2A%5D.url%3Bdata%5B%2A%5D.author.follower_count%2Cbadge%5B%2A%5D.topics&limit=5&offset='
next_url3='&platform=desktop&sort_by=default'
headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/64.0.3282.140 Safari/537.36 Edge/18.17763'
}
count=0
question_answer_list=[]
while count<500 and len(question_id_set)!=0:
try:
count+=1
question_dic = {}
question_topics=[]
question_answer=[]
question_id=question_id_set.pop()
s=requests.get(origin_url+str(question_id),headers=headers)
''' get detail description
soup = BeautifulSoup(s.text, "html.parser")
load_text = soup.find("script", id="js-initialData")
details=detailjson.loads(load_text.get_text())['initialState']['entities']['questions'][str(question_id)]['detail']
'''
soup = BeautifulSoup(s.text, "html.parser")
question_dic['title'] = soup.find_all('h1', attrs={"class": "QuestionHeader-title"})[0].get_text()
tag_contents = soup.find_all('a', attrs={"class": "TopicLink"})
for tag in tag_contents:
tags={}
tags['tag']=tag.get_text()
tags['link']='https'+tag.get("href")
question_topics.append(tags)
question_dic['topics']=question_topics
offset=0
while 1:
next_url=next_url1+str(question_id)+next_url2+str(offset)+next_url3
time.sleep(0.2)
try:
ans=requests.get(next_url,headers=headers)
ans.encoding = 'utf-8'
data = json.loads(ans.text)['data']
for x in data:
answer_detail={}
answer_detail['userName']=x['author']['name']
answer_detail['userLink'] =x['author']['url'].replace('api/v4/','')
answer_detail['content'] =x['content']
answer_detail['upvote'] =x['voteup_count']
answer_detail['comment'] =''
question_answer.append(answer_detail)
offset+=5
paging= json.loads(ans.text)['paging']
if paging['is_end']==True:
break
print(offset)
except:
print("break 3")
break
question_dic['answer']=question_answer
question_answer_list.append(question_dic)
print('当前问题：'+str(question_id)+'总数'+str(count))
except:
count-=1
with open('D:\\answer.json','w+',encoding='utf-8') as f:
json.dump(question_answer_list,f,ensure_ascii=False,indent=4)
topics=set()
question_id_set=set()
get_topics(topics)
from_topic_to_answer(topics,question_id_set)
print("\n\n\ntopics ok\n\n\n")
get_question_answer(question_id_set)