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Characteristics and Functions of HEV Proteins

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Hepatitis E Virus

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1417))

Abstract

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a non-enveloped virus containing a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome of 7.2 kb, which consists of a 5′ non-coding region, three open reading frames (ORFs), and a 3′ non-coding region. ORF1 is diverse between genotypes and encodes the nonstructural proteins, which include the enzymes needed for virus replication. In addition to its role in virus replication, the function of ORF1 is relevant to viral adaption in culture and may also relate to virus infection and HEV pathogenicity. ORF2 protein is the capsid protein, which is about 660 amino acids in length. It not only protects the integrity of the viral genome, but is also involved in many important physiological activities, such as virus assembly, infection, host interaction, and innate immune response. The main immune epitopes, especially neutralizing epitopes, are located on ORF2 protein, which is a candidate antigen for vaccine development. ORF3 protein is a phosphoprotein of 113 or 114 amino acids with a molecular weight of 13 kDa with multiple functions that can also induce strong immune reactivity. A novel ORF4 has been identified only in genotype 1 HEV and its translation promotes viral replication.

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Abbreviations

ASGR:

Asialoglycoprotein receptor

CDK:

Cyclin-dependent kinase

eEF1α1:

Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1α isoform1

EGFR:

Epidermal growth factor receptor

ER:

Endoplasmic reticulum

ERK:

External cellular regulatory kinase

FTL:

Human ferritin light chain

GST:

Glutathione S-transferase

Hel:

RNA helicase

HVR:

Proline-rich hypervariable region

IRF3:

IFN regulatory factor 3

ISG:

IFN-stimulated gene

MAPK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinases

MeT:

Methyltransferase

ORF:

Open reading frame

PCP:

Papain-like cysteine protease

PLG:

Plasminogen

RdRp:

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase

RIG-I:

Retinoic acid-inducible gene I

STAT:

Signal transducer and activator of transcription

VDAC:

Voltage-dependent anion channel

VLP:

Virus-like particle

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. RegCMC, Great Regulatory Affairs, Sanofi (China) Investment Co., Ltd, Beijing, China

    Yan Zhou

  2. Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China

    Chenyan Zhao & Nan Xu

  3. Division II of In Vitro Diagnostics for Infectious Diseases, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China

    Yabin Tian

  4. Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China

    Youchun Wang

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  1. Yan Zhou
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  2. Chenyan Zhao
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  3. Yabin Tian
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  4. Nan Xu
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  5. Youchun Wang
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Correspondence to Youchun Wang .

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  1. Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China

    Youchun Wang

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Zhou, Y., Zhao, C., Tian, Y., Xu, N., Wang, Y. (2023). Characteristics and Functions of HEV Proteins. In: Wang, Y. (eds) Hepatitis E Virus. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1417. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1304-6_2

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