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Infection Dynamics of Sylvatic Dengue Virus in a Natural Primate Host, the African Green Monkey

Kathryn A. Hanley Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico; Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland; Center for Tropical Diseases, Department of Pathology and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Institute for Human Infections and Immunity and Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana

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Mathilde Guerbois Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico; Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland; Center for Tropical Diseases, Department of Pathology and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Institute for Human Infections and Immunity and Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana

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Tiffany F. Kautz Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico; Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland; Center for Tropical Diseases, Department of Pathology and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Institute for Human Infections and Immunity and Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana

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Meredith Brown Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico; Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland; Center for Tropical Diseases, Department of Pathology and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Institute for Human Infections and Immunity and Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana

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Stephen S. Whitehead Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico; Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland; Center for Tropical Diseases, Department of Pathology and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Institute for Human Infections and Immunity and Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana

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Scott C. Weaver Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico; Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland; Center for Tropical Diseases, Department of Pathology and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Institute for Human Infections and Immunity and Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana

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Nikos Vasilakis Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico; Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland; Center for Tropical Diseases, Department of Pathology and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Institute for Human Infections and Immunity and Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana

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Preston A. Marx Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico; Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland; Center for Tropical Diseases, Department of Pathology and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Institute for Human Infections and Immunity and Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana

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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.13-0492
Volume/Issue:
Volume 91: Issue 4
Page(s):
672–676
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The four serotypes of mosquito-borne dengue virus (DENV-1, -2, -3, and -4) that circulate in humans each emerged from an enzootic, sylvatic cycle in non-human primates. Herein, we present the first study of sylvatic DENV infection dynamics in a primate. Three African green monkeys were inoculated with 105 plaque-forming units (pfu) DENV-2 strain PM33974 from the sylvatic cycle, and one African green monkey was inoculated with 105 pfu DENV-2 strain New Guinea C from the human cycle. All four monkeys seroconverted (more than fourfold rise in 80% plaque reduction neutralization titer [PRNT80]) against the strain of DENV with which they were inoculated; only one (33%) of three monkeys infected with sylvatic DENV showed a neutralizing antibody response against human-endemic DENV. Virus was detected in two of three monkeys inoculated with sylvatic DENV at low titer (≤ 1.3 log10pfu/mL) and brief duration (≤ 2 days). Clinical signs included rash and elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels.

Author Notes

* Address correspondence to Kathryn A. Hanley, Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Foster Hall, Las Cruces, NM 88003. E-mail: khanley@nmsu.edu

Financial support: This project was supported by National Center for Research Resources and Office of Research Infrastructure Programs, National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grant P51 RR00164-50, National Center for Research Resources Grant 5P20RR016480-12, and National Institute of General Medical Sciences, NIH Grant 8 P20 GM103451-12. Support was also provided, in part, by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Intramural Research Program, NIH.

Authors' addresses: Kathryn A. Hanley, Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, E-mail: khanley@nmsu.edu. Mathilde Guerbois, Scott C. Weaver, and Nikos Vasilakis, Center for Tropical Diseases, Department of Pathology and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases and Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, E-mails: mathildeguerbois@yahoo.fr, sweaver@utmb.edu, and nivasila@utmb.edu. Tiffany F. Kautz, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, E-mail: tfkautz@utmb.edu. Meredith Brown, Banfield Pet Hospital, Las Cruces, NM, E-mail: Meredith.Brown@banfield.net. Stephen S. Whitehead, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, E-mail: swhitehead@niaid.nih.gov. Preston A. Marx, Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, E-mail: pmarx@tulane.edu.

Copyright:
© The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2014
Received:
24 Aug 2013
|
Accepted:
13 May 2014
|
Published Online:
01 Oct 2014
Cover The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Print ISSN:
0002-9637
Online ISSN:
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