Skip to main content

Advertisement

Springer Nature Link
Log in

Cys2His2 zinc finger protein family: Classification, functions, and major members

  • Review
  • Published:
Biochemistry (Moscow) Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Cys2His2 (C2H2)-type zinc fingers are widespread DNA binding motifs in eukaryotic transcription factors. Zinc fingers are short protein motifs composed of two or three β-layers and one α-helix. Two cysteine and two histidine residues located in certain positions bind zinc to stabilize the structure. Four other amino acid residues localized in specific positions in the N-terminal region of the α-helix participate in DNA binding by interacting with hydrogen donors and acceptors exposed in the DNA major groove. The number of zinc fingers in a single protein can vary over a wide range, thus enabling variability of target DNA sequences. Besides DNA binding, zinc fingers can also provide protein-protein and RNA-protein interactions. For the most part, proteins containing the C2H2-type zinc fingers are trans regulators of gene expression that play an important role in cellular processes such as development, differentiation, and suppression of malignant cell transformation (oncosuppression).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price includes VAT (Canada)

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

a.a.:

amino acid residue

C2H2:

Cys2His2

ZF:

zinc finger

References

  1. Klug, A., and Schwabe, J. W. (1995) FASEB J., 9, 597–604.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Messina, D. N., Glasscock, J., Gish, W., and Lovett, M. (2004) Genome Res., 14, 2041–2047.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Emerson, R. O., and Thomas, J. H. (2009) PLoS Genet., 5, e1000325.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Fulton, D. L., Sundararajan, S., Badis, G., Hughes, T. R., Wasserman, W. W., Roach, J. C., and Sladek, R. (2009) Genome Biol., 10, R29.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Wolfe, S. A., Nekludova, L., and Pabo, C. O. (2000) Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. Struct., 29, 183–212.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Choo, Y., and Klug, A. (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 91, 11168–11172.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Isalan, M., Choo, Y., and Klug, A. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 94, 5617–5621.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Lam, K. N., van Bakel, H., Cote, A. G., van der Ven, A., and Hughes, T. R. (2011) Nucleic Acids Res., 39, 4680–4690.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Ramirez, C. L., Foley, J. E., Wright, D. A., Muller-Lerch, F., Rahman, S. H., Cornu, T. I., Winfrey, R. J., Sander, J. D., Fu, F., Townsend, J. A., Cathomen, T., Voytas, D. F., and Joung, J. K. (2008) Nat. Methods, 5, 374–375.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Molparia, B., Goyal, K., Sarkar, A., Kumar, S., and Sundar, D. (2010) Genom. Proteom. Bioinform., 8, 122–126.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Klug, A. (2010) Annu. Rev. Biochem., 79, 213–231.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Santiago, Y., Chan, E., Liu, P. Q., Orlando, S., Zhang, L., Urnov, F. D., Holmes, M. C., Guschin, D., Waite, A., Miller, J. C., Rebar, E. J., Gregory, P. D., Klug, A., and Collingwood, T. N. (2008) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 105, 5809–5814.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Bae, K. H., Kwon, Y. D., Shin, H. C., Hwang, M. S., Ryu, E. H., Park, K. S., Yang, H. Y., Lee, D. K., Lee, Y., Park, J., Kwon, H. S., Kim, H. W., Yeh, B. I., Lee, H. W., Sohn, S. H., Yoon, J., Seol, W., and Kim, J. S. (2003) Nat. Biotechnol., 21, 275–280.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Young, J. J., Cherone, J. M., Doyon, Y., Ankoudinova, I., Faraji, F. M., Lee, A. H., Ngo, C., Guschin, D. Y., Paschon, D. E., Miller, J. C., Zhang, L., Rebar, E. J., Gregory, P. D., Urnov, F. D., Harland, R. M., and Zeitler, B. (2011) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 108, 7052–7057.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Letovsky, J., and Dynan, W. S. (1989) Nucleic Acids Res., 17, 2639–2653.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Frietze, S., Lan, X., Jin, V. X., and Farnham, P. J. (2010) J. Biol. Chem., 285, 1393–1403.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Jothi, R., Cuddapah, S., Barski, A., Cui, K., and Zhao, K. (2008) Nucleic Acids Res., 36, 5221–5231.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Gu, H., Li, D., Sung, C. K., Yim, H., Troke, P., and Benjamin, T. (2011) Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1809, 276–283.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Tsai, R. Y., and Reed, R. R. (1998) Mol. Cell. Biol., 18, 6447–6456.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Morris, J. F., Rauscher, F. J., III, Davis, B., Klemsz, M., Xu, D., Tenen, D., and Hromas, R. (1995) Blood, 86, 3640–3647.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Morris, J. F., Hromas, R., and Rauscher, F. J., III (1994) Mol. Cell. Biol., 14, 1786–1795.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Brayer, K. J., Kulshreshtha, S., and Segal, D. J. (2008) Cell Biochem. Biophys., 51, 9–19.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Brayer, K. J., and Segal, D. J. (2008) Cell. Biochem. Biophys., 50, 111–131.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Cass, D., Hotchko, R., Barber, P., Jones, K., Gates, D. P., and Berglund, J. A. (2011) BMC Mol. Biol., 12, 20.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Brown, R. S. (2005) Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol., 15, 94–98.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Albagli, O., Dhordain, P., Deweindt, C., Lecocq, G., and Leprince, D. (1995) Cell Growth Differ., 6, 1193–1198.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Bardwell, V. J., and Treisman, R. (1994) Genes Dev., 8, 1664–1677.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Tadepally, H. D., Burger, G., and Aubry, M. (2008) BMC Evol. Biol., 8, 176.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Stone, J. R., Maki, J. L., Blacklow, S. C., and Collins, T. (2002) J. Biol. Chem., 277, 5448–5452.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Sander, T. L., Stringer, K. F., Maki, J. L., Szauter, P., Stone, J. R., and Collins, T. (2003) Gene, 310, 29–38.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Iuchi, S. (2001) Cell Mol. Life Sci., 58, 625–635.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Swamynathan, S. K. (2010) Hum. Genomics, 4, 263–270.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Suske, G. (1999) Gene, 238, 291–300.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Kaczynski, J., Cook, T., and Urrutia, R. (2003) Genome Biol., 4, 206.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Fan, C. M., and Maniatis, T. (1990) Genes Dev., 4, 29–42.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Tseng, H., and Green, H. (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 89, 10311–10315.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Teumer, J., Tseng, H., and Green, H. (1997) Gene, 188, 1–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Dunn, K. L., and Davie, J. R. (2003) Biochem. Cell. Biol., 81, 161–167.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Filippova, G. N., Fagerlie, S., Klenova, E. M., Myers, C., Dehner, Y., Goodwin, G., Neiman, P. E., Collins, S. J., and Lobanenkov, V. V. (1996) Mol. Cell. Biol., 16, 2802–2813.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Ohlsson, R., Renkawitz, R., and Lobanenkov, V. (2001) Trends Genet., 17, 520–527.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Ohlsson, R., Bartkuhn, M., and Renkawitz, R. (2010) Chromosoma, 119, 351–360.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Nielsen, A. L., Jorgensen, P., Lerouge, T., Cervino, M., Chambon, P., and Losson, R. (2004) Mol. Cell. Biol., 24, 5184–5196.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Huang, C., Wang, Y., Li, D., Li, Y., Luo, J., Yuan, W., Ou, Y., Zhu, C., Zhang, Y., Wang, Z., Liu, M., and Wu, X. (2004) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 320, 1298–1305.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Urrutia, R. (2003) Genome Biol., 4, 231.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Looman, C., Hellman, L., and Abrink, M. (2004) Mamm. Genome, 15, 35–40.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Witzgall, R., O’Leary, E., Leaf, A., Onaldi, D., and Bonventre, J. V. (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 91, 4514–4518.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Sripathy, S. P., Stevens, J., and Schultz, D. C. (2006) Mol. Cell. Biol., 26, 8623–8638.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Groner, A. C., Meylan, S., Ciuffi, A., Zangger, N., Ambrosini, G., Denervaud, N., Bucher, P., and Trono, D. (2010) PLoS Genet., 6, e1000869.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Williams, A. J., Blacklow, S. C., and Collins, T. (1999) Mol. Cell. Biol., 19, 8526–8535.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Sander, T. L., Haas, A. L., Peterson, M. J., and Morris, J. F. (2000) J. Biol. Chem., 275, 12857–12867.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Schumacher, C., Wang, H., Honer, C., Ding, W., Koehn, J., Lawrence, Q., Coulis, C. M., Wang, L. L., Ballinger, D., Bowen, B. R., and Wagner, S. (2000) J. Biol. Chem., 275, 17173–17179.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Noll, L., Peterson, F. C., Hayes, P. L., Volkman, B. F., and Sander, T. (2008) Leuk. Res., 32, 1582–1592.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Wu, Y., Yu, L., Bi, G., Luo, K., Zhou, G., and Zhao, S. (2003) Gene, 310, 193–201.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Edelstein, L. C., and Collins, T. (2005) Gene, 359, 1–17.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Dhordain, P., Albagli, O., Ansieau, S., Koken, M. H., Deweindt, C., Quief, S., Lantoine, D., Leutz, A., Kerckaert, J. P., and Leprince, D. (1995) Oncogene, 11, 2689–2697.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Melnick, A., Carlile, G., Ahmad, K. F., Kiang, C. L., Corcoran, C., Bardwell, V., Prive, G. G., and Licht, J. D. (2002) Mol. Cell. Biol., 22, 1804–1818.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Dhordain, P., Albagli, O., Lin, R. J., Ansieau, S., Quief, S., Leutz, A., Kerckaert, J. P., Evans, R. M., and Leprince, D. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 94, 10762–10767.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Dhordain, P., Lin, R. J., Quief, S., Lantoine, D., Kerckaert, J. P., Evans, R. M., and Albagli, O. (1998) Nucleic Acids Res., 26, 4645–4651.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Nakayama, K., Nakayama, N., Davidson, B., Sheu, J. J., Jinawath, N., Santillan, A., Salani, R., Bristow, R. E., Morin, P. J., Kurman, R. J., Wang, T. L., and Shih, I. M. (2006) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 103, 18739–18744.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Valenta, T., Lukas, J., Doubravska, L., Fafilek, B., and Korinek, V. (2006) EMBO J., 25, 2326–2337.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Dai, M. S., Chevallier, N., Stone, S., Heinrich, M. C., McConnell, M., Reuter, T., Broxmeyer, H. E., Licht, J. D., Lu, L., and Hoatlin, M. E. (2002) J. Biol. Chem., 277, 26327–26334.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Kelly, K. F., and Daniel, J. M. (2006) Trends Cell Biol., 16, 578–587.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Razin, S. V., Iarovaia, O. V., Sjakste, N., Sjakste, T., Bagdoniene, L., Rynditch, A. V., Eivazova, E. R., Lipinski, M., and Vassetzky, Y. S. (2007) J. Mol. Biol., 369, 597–607.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Kim, M., Park, C. H., Lee, M. S., Carlson, B. A., Hatfield, D. L., and Lee, B. J. (2003) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 306, 231–238.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Ryan, R. F., Schultz, D. C., Ayyanathan, K., Singh, P. B., Friedman, J. R., Fredericks, W. J., and Rauscher, F. J., III (1999) Mol. Cell. Biol., 19, 4366–4378.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Friedman, J. R., Fredericks, W. J., Jensen, D. E., Speicher, D. W., Huang, X. P., Neilson, E. G., and Rauscher, F. J., III (1996) Genes Dev., 10, 2067–2078.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Schultz, D. C., Ayyanathan, K., Negorev, D., Maul, G. G., and Rauscher, F. J., III (2002) Genes Dev., 16, 919–932.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Iyengar, S., and Farnham, P. J. (2011) J. Biol. Chem., 286, 26267–26276.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Huntley, S., Baggott, D. M., Hamilton, A. T., Tran-Gyamfi, M., Yang, S., Kim, J., Gordon, L., Branscomb, E., and Stubbs, L. (2006) Genome Res., 16, 669–677.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Rowe, H. M., Jakobsson, J., Mesnard, D., Rougemont, J., Reynard, S., Aktas, T., Maillard, P. V., Layard-Liesching, H., Verp, S., Marquis, J., Spitz, F., Constam, D. B., and Trono, D. (2010) Nature, 463, 237–240.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Matsui, T., Leung, D., Miyashita, H., Maksakova, I. A., Miyachi, H., Kimura, H., Tachibana, M., Lorincz, M. C., and Shinkai, Y. (2010) Nature, 464, 927–931.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Thomas, J. H., and Schneider, S. (2011) Genome Res., 21, 1800–1812.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Frietze, S., O’Geen, H., Blahnik, K. R., Jin, V. X., and Farnham, P. J. (2010) PLoS One, 5, e15082.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. O’Geen, H., Squazzo, S. L., Iyengar, S., Blahnik, K., Rinn, J. L., Chang, H. Y., Green, R., and Farnham, P. J. (2007) PLoS Genet., 3, e89.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. David, G., Alland, L., Hong, S. H., Wong, C. W., DePinho, R. A., and Dejean, A. (1998) Oncogene, 16, 2549–2556.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Hong, S. H., David, G., Wong, C. W., Dejean, A., and Privalsky, M. L. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 94, 9028–9033.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Wong, C. W., and Privalsky, M. L. (1998) J. Biol. Chem., 273, 27695–27702.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Chauchereau, A., Mathieu, M., de Saintignon, J., Ferreira, R., Pritchard, L. L., Mishal, Z., Dejean, A., and Harel-Bellan, A. (2004) Oncogene, 23, 8777–8784.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Lemercier, C., Brocard, M. P., Puvion-Dutilleul, F., Kao, H. Y., Albagli, O., and Khochbin, S. (2002) J. Biol. Chem., 277, 22045–22052.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Sasai, N., Nakao, M., and Defossez, P. A. (2010) Nucleic Acids Res., 38, 5015–5022.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Yoon, H. G., Chan, D. W., Reynolds, A. B., Qin, J., and Wong, J. (2003) Mol. Cell, 12, 723–734.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Li, J., Wang, J., Nawaz, Z., Liu, J. M., Qin, J., and Wong, J. (2000) EMBO J., 19, 4342–4350.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Fischle, W., Dequiedt, F., Hendzel, M. J., Guenther, M. G., Lazar, M. A., Voelter, W., and Verdin, E. (2002) Mol. Cell, 9, 45–57.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Nagy, L., Kao, H. Y., Chakravarti, D., Lin, R. J., Hassig, C. A., Ayer, D. E., Schreiber, S. L., and Evans, R. M. (1997) Cell, 89, 373–380.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Porsch-Ozcurumez, M., Langmann, T., Heimerl, S., Borsukova, H., Kaminski, W. E., Drobnik, W., Honer, C., Schumacher, C., and Schmitz, G. (2001) J. Biol. Chem., 276, 12427–12433.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Kahns, S., Losson, R., and Nielsen, A. L. (2010) Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1799, 539–545.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Rebollo, A., and Schmitt, C. (2003) Immunol. Cell Biol., 81, 171–175.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Schmitt, C., Tonnelle, C., Dalloul, A., Chabannon, C., Debre, P., and Rebollo, A. (2002) Apoptosis, 7, 277–284.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. John, L. B., and Ward, A. C. (2011) Mol. Immunol., 48, 1272–1278.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Koipally, J., Renold, A., Kim, J., and Georgopoulos, K. (1999) EMBO J., 18, 3090–3100.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Sridharan, R., and Smale, S. T. (2007) J. Biol. Chem., 282, 30227–30238.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Zhang, C. L., McKinsey, T. A., Lu, J. R., and Olson, E. N. (2001) J. Biol. Chem., 276, 35–39.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Koipally, J., and Georgopoulos, K. (2002) J. Biol. Chem., 277, 27697–27705.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Romm, E., Nielsen, J. A., Kim, J. G., and Hudson, L. D. (2005) J. Neurochem., 93, 1444–1453.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Wang, J., Lee, S., Teh, C. E., Bunting, K., Ma, L., and Shannon, M. F. (2009) Int. Immunol., 21, 227–235.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Kiefer, S. M., McDill, B. W., Yang, J., and Rauchman, M. (2002) J. Biol. Chem., 277, 14869–14876.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Wu, Y., Zhang, X., Salmon, M., and Zehner, Z. E. (2007) Genes Cells, 12, 905–918.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Cowger, J. J., Zhao, Q., Isovic, M., and Torchia, J. (2007) Oncogene, 26, 3378–3386.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Banck, M. S., Li, S., Nishio, H., Wang, C., Beutler, A. S., and Walsh, M. J. (2009) Epigenetics, 4, 100–106.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Hoffmann, A., Barz, T., and Spengler, D. (2006) Mol. Cell. Biol., 26, 5544–5557.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Hoffmann, A., and Spengler, D. (2008) Mol. Cell. Biol., 28, 6078–6093.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Cawley, S., Bekiranov, S., Ng, H. H., Kapranov, P., Sekinger, E. A., Kampa, D., Piccolboni, A., Sementchenko, V., Cheng, J., Williams, A. J., Wheeler, R., Wong, B., Drenkow, J., Yamanaka, M., Patel, S., Brubaker, S., Tammana, H., Helt, G., Struhl, K., and Gingeras, T. R. (2004) Cell, 116, 499–509.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Lu, S., and Archer, M. C. (2010) Int. J. Cancer, 126, 416–425.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Sherr, C. J., and Roberts, J. M. (1999) Genes Dev., 13, 1501–1512.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Abdelrahim, M., Samudio, I., Smith, R., III, Burghardt, R., and Safe, S. (2002) J. Biol. Chem., 277, 28815–28822.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Olofsson, B. A., Kelly, C. M., Kim, J., Hornsby, S. M., and Azizkhan-Clifford, J. (2007) Mol. Cancer Res., 5, 1319–1330.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Li, L., and Davie, J. R. (2010) Ann. Anat., 192, 275–283.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Lu, F., Zhou, J., Wiedmer, A., Madden, K., Yuan, Y., and Lieberman, P. M. (2003) J. Virol., 77, 11425–11435.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Chen, H., Li, B., and Workman, J. L. (1994) EMBO J., 13, 380–390.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Clem, B. F., and Clark, B. J. (2006) Mol. Endocrinol., 20, 100–113.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Zhang, Y., and Dufau, M. L. (2003) Mol. Cell. Biol., 23, 6958–6972.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Nunes, M. J., Milagre, I., Schnekenburger, M., Gama, M. J., Diederich, M., and Rodrigues, E. (2010) J. Neurochem., 113, 418–431.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Nuez, B., Michalovich, D., Bygrave, A., Ploemacher, R., and Grosveld, F. (1995) Nature, 375, 316–318.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Drissen, R., von Lindern, M., Kolbus, A., Driegen, S., Steinlein, P., Beug, H., Grosveld, F., and Philipsen, S. (2005) Mol. Cell. Biol., 25, 5205–5214.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Dovat, S. (2011) World J. Biol. Chem., 2, 105–107.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  116. Mullighan, C., and Downing, J. (2008) Leuk. Lymphoma, 49, 847–849.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  117. Matulic, M., Paradzik, M., Cicin-Sain, L., Kapitanovic, S., Dubravcic, K., Batinic, D., and Antica, M. (2009) Am. J. Hematol., 84, 375–377.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Klenova, E. M., Nicolas, R. H., Paterson, H. F., Carne, A. F., Heath, C. M., Goodwin, G. H., Neiman, P. E., and Lobanenkov, V. V. (1993) Mol. Cell. Biol., 13, 7612–7624.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Lobanenkov, V. V., Nicolas, R. H., Adler, V. V., Paterson, H., Klenova, E. M., Polotskaja, A. V., and Goodwin, G. H. (1990) Oncogene, 5, 1743–1753.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. Bell, A. C., West, A. G., and Felsenfeld, G. (1999) Cell, 98, 387–396.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. Bell, A. C., and Felsenfeld, G. (2000) Nature, 405, 482–485.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Bartkuhn, M., and Renkawitz, R. (2008) Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1783, 2161–2166.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. Ling, J. Q., Li, T., Hu, J. F., Vu, T. H., Chen, H. L., Qiu, X. W., Cherry, A. M., and Hoffman, A. R. (2006) Science, 312, 269–272.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Splinter, E., Heath, H., Kooren, J., Palstra, R. J., Klous, P., Grosveld, F., Galjart, N., and de Laat, W. (2006) Genes Dev., 20, 2349–2354.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. Zlatanova, J., and Caiafa, P. (2009) Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 66, 1647–1660.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  126. Kim, Y. J., Cecchini, K. R., and Kim, T. H. (2011) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 108, 7391–7396.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Degner, S. C., Verma-Gaur, J., Wong, T. P., Bossen, C., Iverson, G. M., Torkamani, A., Vettermann, C., Lin, Y. C., Ju, Z., Schulz, D., Murre, C. S., Birshtein, B. K., Schork, N. J., Schlissel, M. S., Riblet, R., Murre, C., and Feeney, A. J. (2011) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 108, 9566–9571.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Xiao, T., Wallace, J., and Felsenfeld, G. (2011) Mol. Cell. Biol., 31, 2174–2183.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. Loukinov, D. I., Pugacheva, E., Vatolin, S., Pack, S. D., Moon, H., Chernukhin, I., Mannan, P., Larsson, E., Kanduri, C., Vostrov, A. A., Cui, H., Niemitz, E. L., Rasko, J. E., Docquier, F. M., Kistler, M., Breen, J. J., Zhuang, Z., Quitschke, W. W., Renkawitz, R., Klenova, E. M., Feinberg, A. P., Ohlsson, R., Morse, H. C., III, and Lobanenkov, V. V. (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 99, 6806–6811.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Call, K. M., Glaser, T., Ito, C. Y., Buckler, A. J., Pelletier, J., Haber, D. A., Rose, E. A., Kral, A., Yeger, H., Lewis, W. H., Jones, C., and Housman, D. E. (1990) Cell, 60, 509–520.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. Gessler, M., Poustka, A., Cavenee, W., Neve, R. L., Orkin, S. H., and Bruns, G. A. (1990) Nature, 343, 774–778.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Lee, S. B., and Haber, D. A. (2001) Exp. Cell Res., 264, 74–99.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. King-Underwood, L., and Pritchard-Jones, K. (1998) Blood, 91, 2961–2968.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Scharnhorst, V., van der Eb, A. J., and Jochemsen, A. G. (2001) Gene, 273, 141–161.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. Menssen, H. D., Renkl, H. J., Rodeck, U., Maurer, J., Notter, M., Schwartz, S., Reinhardt, R., and Thiel, E. (1995) Leukemia, 9, 1060–1067.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Miyagawa, K., Hayashi, Y., Fukuda, T., Mitani, K., Hirai, H., and Kamiya, K. (1999) Genes Chromosomes Cancer, 25, 176–183.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. Ladomery, M., and Dellaire, G. (2002) Ann. Hum. Genet., 66, 331–342.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. Lee, S. B., Huang, K., Palmer, R., Truong, V. B., Herzlinger, D., Kolquist, K. A., Wong, J., Paulding, C., Yoon, S. K., Gerald, W., Oliner, J. D., and Haber, D. A. (1999) Cell, 98, 663–673.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. Nachtigal, M. W., Hirokawa, Y., Enyeart-VanHouten, D. L., Flanagan, J. N., Hammer, G. D., and Ingraham, H. A. (1998) Cell, 93, 445–454.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  140. Loeb, D. M., Korz, D., Katsnelson, M., Burwell, E. A., Friedman, A. D., and Sukumar, S. (2002) J. Biol. Chem., 277, 19627–19632.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. Park, K., and Atchison, M. L. (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88, 9804–9808.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  142. Usheva, A., and Shenk, T. (1994) Cell, 76, 1115–1121.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. Ficzycz, A., Eskiw, C., Meyer, D., Marley, K. E., Hurt, M., and Ovsenek, N. (2001) J. Biol. Chem., 276, 22819–22825.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. Castellano, G., Torrisi, E., Ligresti, G., Malaponte, G., Militello, L., Russo, A. E., McCubrey, J. A., Canevari, S., and Libra, M. (2009) Cell Cycle, 8, 1367–1372.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. Wales, M. M., Biel, M. A., el Deiry, W., Nelkin, B. D., Issa, J. P., Cavenee, W. K., Kuerbitz, S. J., and Baylin, S. B. (1995) Nat. Med., 1, 570–577.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  146. Britschgi, C., Rizzi, M., Grob, T. J., Tschan, M. P., Hugli, B., Reddy, V. A., Andres, A. C., Torbett, B. E., Tobler, A., and Fey, M. F. (2006) Oncogene, 25, 2030–2039.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  147. Carter, M. G., Johns, M. A., Zeng, X., Zhou, L., Zink, M. C., Mankowski, J. L., Donovan, D. M., and Baylin, S. B. (2000) Hum. Mol. Genet., 9, 413–419.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  148. Chen, W. Y., Zeng, X., Carter, M. G., Morrell, C. N., Chiu Yen, R. W., Esteller, M., Watkins, D. N., Herman, J. G., Mankowski, J. L., and Baylin, S. B. (2003) Nat. Genet., 33, 197–202.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. Chen, S. J., Zelent, A., Tong, J. H., Yu, H. Q., Wang, Z. Y., Derre, J., Berger, R., Waxman, S., and Chen, Z. (1993) J. Clin. Invest., 91, 2260–2267.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. Chen, Z., Guidez, F., Rousselot, P., Agadir, A., Chen, S. J., Wang, Z. Y., Degos, L., Zelent, A., Waxman, S., and Chomienne, C. (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 91, 1178–1182.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  151. Lin, R. J., Nagy, L., Inoue, S., Shao, W., Miller, W. H., Jr., and Evans, R. M. (1998) Nature, 391, 811–814.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. Grignani, F., De Matteis, S., Nervi, C., Tomassoni, L., Gelmetti, V., Cioce, M., Fanelli, M., Ruthardt, M., Ferrara, F. F., Zamir, I., Seiser, C., Lazar, M. A., Minucci, S., and Pelicci, P. G. (1998) Nature, 391, 815–818.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  153. McConnell, M. J., Chevallier, N., Berkofsky-Fessler, W., Giltnane, J. M., Malani, R. B., Staudt, L. M., and Licht, J. D. (2003) Mol. Cell. Biol., 23, 9375–9388.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  154. Barna, M., Hawe, N., Niswander, L., and Pandolfi, P. P. (2000) Nat. Genet., 25, 166–172.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  155. Barna, M., Merghoub, T., Costoya, J. A., Ruggero, D., Branford, M., Bergia, A., Samori, B., and Pandolfi, P. P. (2002) Dev Cell, 3, 499–510.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  156. Basso, K., and Dalla-Favera, R. (2010) Adv. Immunol., 105, 193–210.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  157. Crotty, S., Johnston, R. J., and Schoenberger, S. P. (2010) Nat. Immunol., 11, 114–120.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  158. Niu, H. (2002) Hematol. Oncol., 20, 155–166.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 34/5, 119334, Moscow, Russia

    S. V. Razin, O. G. Maksimenko & O. L. Kantidze

  2. Department of Molecular Biology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    V. V. Borunova

Authors
  1. S. V. Razin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. V. V. Borunova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. O. G. Maksimenko
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. O. L. Kantidze
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to S. V. Razin.

Additional information

Original Russian Text © S. V. Razin, V. V. Borunova, O. G. Maksimenko, O. L. Kantidze, 2012, published in Biokhimiya, 2012, Vol. 77, No. 3, pp. 277–288.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Razin, S.V., Borunova, V.V., Maksimenko, O.G. et al. Cys2His2 zinc finger protein family: Classification, functions, and major members. Biochemistry Moscow 77, 217–226 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297912030017

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297912030017

Key words

Search

Navigation