Abstract
A general question for linkage disequilibrium–based association studies is how power to detect an association is compromised when tag SNPs are chosen from data in one population sample and then deployed in another sample. Specifically, it is important to know how well tags picked from the HapMap DNA samples capture the variation in other samples. To address this, we collected dense data uniformly across the four HapMap population samples and eleven other population samples. We picked tag SNPs using genotype data we collected in the HapMap samples and then evaluated the effective coverage of these tags in comparison to the entire set of common variants observed in the other samples. We simulated case-control association studies in the non-HapMap samples under a disease model of modest risk, and we observed little loss in power. These results demonstrate that the HapMap DNA samples can be used to select tags for genome-wide association studies in many samples around the world.
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Acknowledgements
We thank M. Egyud for sharing unpublished results and all members of the collaborative Multiethnic Cohort Study and the Analysis group of the International HapMap Consortium for useful discussions. We acknowledge the support of NIH grants CA63464 and CA098758 (to B.E.H.), HL074166 (to X.Z.), CA54281 (to L.N.K.) and DK067288 (to H.N.L.); a March of Dimes grant (6-FY04-61, to J.N.H.) and a Charles E. Culpeper Scholarship of the Rockefeller Brothers Fund and a Burroughs Wellcome Fund Clinical Scholarship in Translational Research (both to D.A.).
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H.N.L., X.Z., R.C., L.G., C.A.H., L.N.K., B.E.H. provided DNA samples; N.P.B. coordinated resequencing with R.C.O. and S.Y.; N.P.B., R.R.G., C.G., J.B., K.L.P. prepared DNA samples, designed and performed genotyping experiments; P.d.B., N.P.B., R.R.G., R.Y., J.A.D. and T.B. performed the analyses; P.d.B. wrote the paper, with contributions from N.P.B. and R.R.G.; M.L.F., C.A.H., D.O.S. and H.N.L. gave feedback and helped with revisions and M.J.D., J.N.H. and D.A. jointly directed the project.
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Supplementary information
Supplementary Table 1
Summary of SNP discovery through resequencing. (PDF 25 kb)
Supplementary Table 2
Genotyping summary of all attempted SNP assays. (PDF 540 kb)
Supplementary Table 3
Genotyping summary by population. (PDF 23 kb)
Supplementary Table 4
Genotyping summary of the final data set. (PDF 24 kb)
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de Bakker, P., Burtt, N., Graham, R. et al. Transferability of tag SNPs in genetic association studies in multiple populations. Nat Genet 38, 1298–1303 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1038/ng1899
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ng1899
