Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Letter
  • Published:

Sequence of a novel simian immunodeficiency virus from a wild-caught African mandrill

Nature volume 341, pages 539–541 (1989)Cite this article

Abstract

SINCE the isolation of an HIV-2-related virus from captive macaques (SIVMAC)1,2, the origin of human immunodeficiency viruses, a much debated subject3–9, has been attributed to monkeys3,4. The sequence of SIVAGM, which is derived from a naturally infected African green monkey, shows equal relatedness to HIV-1 and HIV-2, suggesting that the derivation of these viruses from SIVAGM is unlikely. Recent sequence analysis of SIV from a captive sooty mangabey (SIVSM), however, shows its close relatedness to HIV-2 and SIVMAC, indicating a possible origin of HIV-2 and SIVMAC from SIVSM (refs 4, 7, 9). We report here the sequence of a novel simian lentivirus, SIVMND, isolated from a wild-caught mandrill in Africa10. It is distinct from the three other main groups, HIV-1, HIV-2/SIVMAC/SIVSM and SIVAGM, and therefore represents a fourth main group of primate lentiviruses. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that these four main virus groups might have diverged from a common ancestor at about the same time, long before the spread of AIDS in humans.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

  • Purchase on SpringerLink
  • Instant access to full article PDF
Buy now

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Daniel, M. D. et al. Science 228, 1201–1204 (1985).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Chakrabarti, L. et al. Nature 328, 543–547 (1987).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Murphey-Corb, M. et al. Nature 321, 435–437 (1986).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Hirsch, V. M., Olmsted, R. A., Murphey-Corb, M., Purcell, R. H. & Johnson, P. R. Nature 339, 389–392 (1989).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Smith, T. F., Srinivasan, A., Schochetman, G., Marcus, M. & Myers, G. Nature 333, 573–575 (1988).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Sharp, P. M. & Li, W-H. Nature 336, 315 (1988).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Doolittle, R. F. Nature 339, 338–339 (1989).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Mulder, C. Nature 333, 346 (1988).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. Kanki, P. J. et al. Lancet i, 1330–1332 (1985).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Tsujimoto, H. et al. J. Virol. 62, 4044–4050 (1988).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  11. Sanger, F., Nicklen, S. & Coulson, A. R. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 74, 5463–5467 (1977).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Fukasawa, M. et al. Nature 333, 457–461 (1988).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Wain-Hobson, S., Sonigo, P., Danos, S., Cole, S. & Alizon, M. Cell 40, 9–17 (1985).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Guyarder, M. et al. Nature 326, 662–669 (1987).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. Nabel, G. & Baltimore, D. Nature 326, 711–713 (1987).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Jones, K. A., Kadonaga, J. T., Luciw, P. A. & Tjian, R. Science 232, 755–759 (1986).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Feng, S. & Holland, E. C. Nature 334, 165–167 (1988).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Pearl, L. H. & Taylor, W. R. Nature 329, 351–354 (1987).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Gallaher, W. R. Cell 50, 327–328 (1987).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Sodroski, J. et al. Nature 321, 412–417 (1986).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Feinberg, M. B., Jarrett, R. F., Aldovini, A., Gallo, R. C. & Wong-Staal, F. Cell 45, 807–817 (1986).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Frankel, A. D., Bredt, D. S. & Pabo, C. O. Science 240, 70–73 (1988).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Guy, B. et al. Nature 330, 266–269 (1987).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Strebel, K., Klimkait, T. & Martin, M. A. Science 241, 1221–1223 (1988).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Yu, X-F., Ito, S., Essex, M. & Lee, T-H. Nature 335, 262–265 (1988).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Zagury, J. F. et al. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 85, 5941–5945 (1988).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Hasegawa, A. et al. AIDS Res. Human Retroviruses, in the press.

  28. Ohta, Y. et al. Int. J. Cancer 41, 115–122 (1988).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Lowenstine, L. J. et al. Int. J. Cancer 38, 563–574 (1986).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Yokoyama, S. & Gojobori, T. J. molec. Evol. 24, 330–336 (1987).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Yokoyama, S., Chung, L. & Gojobori, T. Molec. biol. Evol. 5, 237–251 (1988).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Li, W-H., Tanimura, M. & Sharp, P. M. Molec. biol. Evol. 5, 313–330 (1988).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Li, Y., Naidu, Y. M., Daniel, M. D. & Derosiers, R. C. J. Virol. 63, 1800–1802 (1989).

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  34. Wilbur, W. J. & Lipman, D. J. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 80, 726–730 (1983).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Saitou, N. & Nei, M. Molec. biol. Evol. 4, 406–425 (1987).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Franchini, G. et al. Nature 328, 539–543 (1987).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Alizon, M., Wain-Hobson, S., Montagnier, L. & Sonigo, P. Cell 45, 63–74 (1986).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Starcich, B. R. et al. Cell 45, 637–648 (1986).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Sanchez-Pescador, R. et al. Science 227, 484–492 (1985).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Gurgo, C. et al. Virology 164, 531–536 (1988).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Ratner, L. et al. Nature 313, 277–284 (1985).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Sonigo, P. et al. Cell 42, 369–382 (1985).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Stephens, R. M., Casey, J. W. & Rice, N. R. Science 231, 589–594 (1986).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Author notes

  1. Akira Hasegawa and Noboru Maki: Fundamental Research Laboratory, Toa Nenryo Kogyo K.K., Ohi-machi, Saitama 354, Japan

  2. Masashi Fukasawa, Tomoyuki Miura and Masanori Hayami: Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606, Japan

  3. Stephan Speidel: Department of Viral Oncology, Cancer Institute, Toshima-Ku, Tokyo 170, Japan

  4. Robert W. Cooper: International Center of Medical Research, Franceville, Gabon

  5. Etsuko N. Moriyama and Takashi Gojobori: National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal Pathology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108, Japan

    Hajime Tsujimoto, Akira Hasegawa, Noboru Maki, Masashi Fukasawa, Tomoyuki Miura, Stephan Speidel, Robert W. Cooper, Etsuko N. Moriyama, Takashi Gojobori & Masanori Hayami

Authors
  1. Hajime Tsujimoto
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  2. Akira Hasegawa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  3. Noboru Maki
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  4. Masashi Fukasawa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  5. Tomoyuki Miura
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  6. Stephan Speidel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  7. Robert W. Cooper
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  8. Etsuko N. Moriyama
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  9. Takashi Gojobori
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  10. Masanori Hayami
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Tsujimoto, H., Hasegawa, A., Maki, N. et al. Sequence of a novel simian immunodeficiency virus from a wild-caught African mandrill. Nature 341, 539–541 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1038/341539a0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/341539a0

Search

Advanced search

Quick links

Nature Briefing

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Sign up for Nature Briefing