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Glomerular Antibodies in Lupus Nephritis

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Abstract

Lupus nephritis (LN) remains the most common severe manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) characterized by the presence of autoantibodies (Abs) that are believed to play a central role in the pathogenesis of LN. Among more than 100 Abs reported in SLE, only a few display a direct glomerular binding capacity. Such antiglomerular Abs are detected at the onset of the disease before antinuclear Abs detection and proteinuria, this detection is associated with the related autoantigen overexpression. Antiglomerular Abs are able to interfere with cell metabolism, to penetrate living cells, and to induce glomerular cell proliferation. In addition, antiglomerular Abs could be nephritogenic causing proteinuria, particularly when they cross-react with anti-dsDNA Abs. Antiglomerular Abs encompass anti-α-actinin, anti-laminin-1, antifibronectin, antimyosin, and anticollagen Abs. The pathogenic activity of anti-α-actinin Abs has been demonstrated in non-autoimmune mice after immunization with α-actinin, but not with dsDNA, leading to a SLE-like disease with proteinuria and glomerular immune complex deposition. Similarly, extracorporeal immunoabsorption to remove anti-laminin-1 Abs reduces kidney-Abs deposition and proteinuria in mice and humans proving their pathogenic effect. Altogether this suggests that antiglomerular Abs participate, at least at the beginning, in the glomerular immune complex deposition and in the kidney damage.

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Abbreviations

EDS:

electron-dense structures

IC:

immune complexes

Abs:

autoantibodies

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Acknowledgements

Thanks are due to Dr. W.H. Brooks (Moffitt Research Institute, Tampa, FL) for editorial assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unit of Nephrology, Brest University Medical School Hospital, Brest, France

    Catherine Hanrotel-Saliou, Isabelle Segalen & Yannick Le Meur

  2. Laboratory of Immunology, Brest University Medical School Hospital, BP824, 29609, Brest, France

    Isabelle Segalen, Pierre Youinou & Yves Renaudineau

  3. EA2216 Immunology and Pathology, IFR 148 ScInBioS, Université de Brest, Brest, France

    Isabelle Segalen, Yannick Le Meur, Pierre Youinou & Yves Renaudineau

  4. Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France

    Isabelle Segalen, Yannick Le Meur, Pierre Youinou & Yves Renaudineau

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  1. Catherine Hanrotel-Saliou
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  2. Isabelle Segalen
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Correspondence to Yves Renaudineau.

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Hanrotel-Saliou, C., Segalen, I., Le Meur, Y. et al. Glomerular Antibodies in Lupus Nephritis. Clinic Rev Allerg Immunol 40, 151–158 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-010-8204-4

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