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Crosstalk between Alzheimer’s disease and diabetes: a focus on anti-diabetic drugs

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Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are two of the most common age-related diseases. There is accumulating evidence of an overlap in the pathophysiological mechanisms of these two diseases. Studies have demonstrated insulin pathway alternation may interact with amyloid-β protein deposition and tau protein phosphorylation, two essential factors in AD. So attention to the use of anti-diabetic drugs in AD treatment has increased in recent years. In vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies have evaluated possible neuroprotective effects of anti-diabetic different medicines in AD, with some promising results. Here we review the evidence on the therapeutic potential of insulin, metformin, Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP1R), thiazolidinediones (TZDs), Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV (DPP IV) Inhibitors, Sulfonylureas, Sodium-glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors, Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, and Amylin analog against AD. Given that many questions remain unanswered, further studies are required to confirm the positive effects of anti-diabetic drugs in AD treatment. So to date, no particular anti-diabetic drugs can be recommended to treat AD.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Tehran University of Medical Sciences for kind supports.This project was financially supported by a grant from the Deputy of Research, Asadabad University of Medical Sciences.

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  1. Golnaz Goodarzi and Sadra Samavarchi Tehrani contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Golnaz Goodarzi, Sadra Samavarchi Tehrani, Saeed Ebrahimi Fana, Ghodratollah Panahi & Reza Meshkani

  2. Student Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Golnaz Goodarzi, Sadra Samavarchi Tehrani & Saeed Ebrahimi Fana

  3. Department of Pathobiology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran

    Golnaz Goodarzi

  4. Asadabad School of Medical Science, Hamadan, Asadabad, Iran

    Hemen Moradi-Sardareh

  5. English Department, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Mahmood Maniati

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Golnaz goodarzi, Sadra Samavarchi Tehrani, and Saeed Ebrahimi Fana, Hemen moradi-sardareh: having participated in writing the article.

Mahmood Maniatie: edit the English language

Ghodratollah Panahi: completed the review and editing

Reza meshkani: supervised and approved the final manuscript

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Goodarzi, G., Tehrani, S.S., Fana, S.E. et al. Crosstalk between Alzheimer’s disease and diabetes: a focus on anti-diabetic drugs. Metab Brain Dis 38, 1769–1800 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-023-01225-3

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