How can I stop my iMac Pro from restarting on its own?

although you have 14 crashes for PerfPowerServices that could be related to sleep/wake/PowerNap and related settings/issues, the item below is WAY more crashes:

2024-05-12 00:25:56 /Library/Logs/DiagnosticReports/ProxiedDevice-Bridge/Retired/eligibilityd-2024-05-08-103407.ips Crash (730 times)

First occurrence: 2024-05-08 10:34:07

You should run the user diagnostic as a check for GROSS issues. its "no faults detected" code is NOT the same as "All is well". Genius Bar technicians are NOT trained to read panic reports and can only take action of your Mac fails Diagnostics.

I suggest you contact Apple support and ask them to have a Specialist contact you to read your panic reports. (First responders are NOT trained to read panic reports.)

Provided your Backups are completely up to date, you might consider a firmware revive, as described in this article:

How to revive or restore Mac firmware - Apple Support

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<< How do I run the user diagnostics? >>

Use Apple Diagnostics to test your Mac - Apple Support

diagnostics find GROSS problems. The code that says, "no faults detected during testing" is NOT the same as "All is well"

Watchdog timer is set and a long-running task is sent on its way, and expected to report in later.

Your Mac set up WindowServer in this way, it did not reposed for 120 seconds, and the watchdog timer fired to report WindowServer had lost its way. Several times over.

Your iMac Pro 1,1 was running MacOS 12.7.4 Monterey

no well-know Bad-Actor kernel extensions were successfully added.

Consider downloading and running this little "discovery" utility, Etrecheck. It changes NOTHING. Etrecheck was developed by senior contributor here, and uses system calls to collect often-needed information.

it contains little tests for speeds of devices, CPU utilization, memory usage, energy usage and a digest of recent problems, in one easy to use package. it does not even need to be Installed. Because less can be learned when your Mac is running great, best time to run is when your problems are actually occurring, if possible.

if you follow the directions faithfully, its report (pre-laundered of all personally-identifiable information) can be "Shared" to the system ClipBoard, then Pasted into an ‘Additional Text’ window in a reply on the forums.

How to use Etrecheck pro for free

http://etrecheck.com

...

The latest macOS versions are having various issues in automatic computer sleep mode.

Some systems crash and force a restart, others freeze up and are unresponsive.

As a test:

Check "Prevent your Mac from automatic sleeping when display is off" and only allow the display to turn off.

Leave the iMac ON during the day and only allow the display to turn OFF after 10 or 15 minutes.

Then shut down for longer periods of non-use and overnight, if desired.

<< disk2 - Samsung Portable SSD T5 2.00 TB (Solid State - TRIM: No) >>

you have not used the Terminal command

sudo trimforce enable

to allow external SSD drives to use TRIM, which can provide a substantial speedup. You should do that at your earliest convenience, then follow with a disk utility repair disk on the PHYSICAL device to TRIM all the deleted data blocks and return them to the FreeList.

ExpressVPN -- most users running VPN they added themselves have been sold on the premise that a "first few-hops" VPN improves security. in reality it does nothing or the kind and concentrates your data on the VPN Web site so it can be more easily harvested for sellable data. if a virus scanner is also included, that impedes performance while providing no improvement in security.

Consider removing that VPN and never re-installing it.

MacOS screen sharing already provides the equivalent of VNC, so an external VNC server should not be needed. it thought it could infer-operate with VNC.

Transmission Bit Torrent ALSO makes Your files available for others, impacting performance. it is listed and a substantial user of Processing power, over 10 percent. and a substantial network consumer.

Google Chrome is the biggest resource-hog that is not blatantly malware. You should consider switching to a browser with a lighter footprint.

seeing mDNSResponder in the top network users suggest you are "talking on the phone too much", with too many apps checking the internet for everything.

Drives like the MyBook and similar drives came with software, and the manufacturer suggested you install that software.

What that software does is to "spare you the annoyance of having to re-initialize the drive" from its factory set Windows New Technology File System (NTFS, the W is silent because there are no other Operating Systems) or similar unusual (on a Mac) format. Instead, the software they provided would simulate a MacOS drive inside an NTFS file for your Mac.

The downside of using the manufacturer's software is that if the manufacturer's software is not loaded, the Macintosh Volume may not be readable, or may not be writable. This means that in startup manager, Installer, and in Recovery such as after a data loss, the Macintosh Volume may not be visible.

The standard advice given here to all users, including novice users, is to discard the manufacturers software and Utilities and NEVER use it. "Best Practice" is to erase the physical device when new, using only MacOS Disk Utility, and create the fundamental data structures needed for consistent, reliable use by MacOS.

<< Will the trim thing delete what on that external? >>

No. TRIM does not affect active data. it only allows the SSD drive to be notified when the Mac deletes a block and is no longer using it.

SSD drives need to pre-erase unused blocks to be ready to accept new data. Without that TRIM notification the drive does not know what blocks are considered "deleted" and can not get ready fast enough. it drowns in deleted data being carried along as if it were still active data, and slows WAY down.

<< Also the firmware article you linked mentioned for computers with apple chips, mine is Intel. >>

so sorry, my mistake.

That applies to Intel Macs with T2 chip, which includes 2018 models. Yours is 2017 model, so does not have a T2 chip.

Not allowing the display to turn off when you are not using it, is hard on the display and uses a lot of power.

Uncheck "Put hard disks to sleep"and "Enable Power Nap" then test for a day or two.

You're welcome.