European State of the Climate

The European State of the Climate (ESOTC) is an annual report compiled by the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), implemented by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) on behalf of the European Commission. The ESOTC’s findings are based on expertise from across the C3S community, as well as other Copernicus services and external partners.

This report provides a detailed analysis of the past calendar year, with descriptions of climate conditions and events, and explores the associated variations in key climate variables from across all parts of the Earth system. The ESOTC also gives updates on the long-term trends of key climate indicators.

Welcome to the
European State of the Climate 2023

For 2023, the ESOTC includes a short overview of the global context in 2023, a more comprehensive overview of conditions in Europe, and a focus on the Arctic. Explore the complete ESOTC or browse the key findings in the Summary.