RBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 12: Main Natural Resources Solutions is the most suitable resource for the students to revise all the concepts of the chapter and score high marks in the exams. Students use these solutions to master the subject matter and learn the concepts thoroughly. These questions from the RBSE Class 10 Science Solutions for Chapter 12 include key topics such as Types of Natural Resources, Management of Natural Resources, Conservation of WildLife and more from the Chapter. Students can access the chapter wise RBSE Class 10 Science, important topics and questions to prepare most efficiently for the RBSE Class 10 2020 Exam. RBSE Solutions are found to be very useful for this purpose.
We have listed here the questions of the important topics and questions taken from Chapter 12 of RBSE Class 10 Science. In this article, we have covered the main highlights and questions with solutions from Chapter 12 of RBSE Class 10 Science Textbook. Solving these questions for practice helps the students to revise the entire chapter effectively before the exams. It also enables them to get a strong grip on the subject matter, so that learning in higher classes will be easier.
Rajasthan Board Class 10 Science Chapter 12: BYJU’S Important Questions & Answers
RBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 12 Objective Questions: Textbook Important Questions and Solutions
1.Who is associated with Khejrali sacrifice?
(a) Baba Apte
(b) Sunderlal Bahuguna
(c) Arundhati Rai
(d) Amrita Devi
Answer: (d) Amrita Devi
2. Reasons for groundwater crisis.
(a) Pollution of water reservoirs
(b) Exploitation of groundwater
(c) Increased demand of water
(d) All of the above
Answer: (d) All of the above
3.Red Data Book is related with_____
(a) Endangered wildlife
(b) Rare Wildlife
(c) Extinct species
(d) All of the above
Answer: (d) All of the above
4. Sariska wildlife sanctuary is situated at______
(a) Alwar
(b) Jodhpur
(c) Jaipur
(d) Ajmer
Answer: (a) Alwar
5.Which coal contains the highest amount of carbon?
(a) Peat
(b) Lignite
(c) Anthracite
(d) Bituminous
Answer: (c) Anthracite
RBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 12 Very Short Answer Questions: Textbook Important Questions and Solutions
1. What is meant by endangered species?
Answer: Endangered species are those species that will end in the near future, if their conservation measures are not taken. Lions, Rhinoceros, Godawan (Great India Bustard) are some examples of endangered species.
2. What is a national park?
Answer: The natural areas where wildlife and natural habitats are preserved along with the environment are known as National Parks.
3. What are the various methods of irrigation?
Answer: Fountain method or drip method can be used as methods of irrigation. Other methods include surface and sprinkler irrigation methods.
4. Flying squirrel is found in which sanctuary?
Answer: Flying squirrel is found in Sitamata wildlife sanctuary situated in Pratapgarh.
5. Write down the components of petroleum.
Answer: Petrol, Diesel, Kerosene, Natural Gas, Vaseline and Lubricants are components of petroleum.
RBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 12 Short Answer Questions: Textbook Important Questions and Solutions
6. Explain three principles of water conservation and management.
Answer: Water conservation and management is the biggest demand of today. There are three important principles of water conservation and management. They are:
- Maintaining water availability
- Protecting water from getting polluted
- Cleaning the contaminated water and recycling it.
7. What is social forestry?
Answer: In order to maintain the ecological balance almost one crore hectare of degraded land is replanted yearly in India. Social Forestry helps to achieve this target. This helps to not only increase the forest area but will also create employment on a large scale. Social Forestry is accepted as a program of the people, for the people and by the people. Meanwhile, the three main components of social forestry include:
1. Agro-forestry
2. Plantation done by the forest department to meet the needs of the public at public places like canals, roadside, hospitals, etc.
3. Plantation on public land done by villagers
8. Write the name of different types of coal.
Answer: Coal is divided into four types, based on their quantity of carbon. They are:
- Anthracite ( 94%-98% Carbon)
- Bituminous (78%-86% Carbon)
- Lignite (28%-30% Carbon)
- Peat (27%Carbon)
9. What is the meaning of sustainable development?
Answer: Sustainable development is the development for a long term without depleting the environment. In it, the use of resources are cautious so that not only can we use them, but the generations to come can also use them to benefit their needs.
10. What is meant by wildlife conservation?
Answer: Wildlife is the term widely used for all species of animals and plants found in nature and it is an integral part of our ecosystem. India is a land filled with religious, cultural, political, climatic and rich biodiversity. However, the actions of humans have caused the existence of wildlife to end. Apart from humans, wildlife is also being endangered due to some natural reasons. If the wildlife is not conserved, the whole ecosystem could be destroyed. Hence, taking the required steps to conserve the wildlife is known as wildlife conservation.
RBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 12 Essay Questions: Textbook Important Questions and Solutions
11. Write the methods of water conservation and management.
Answer: The following measures should be taken for water conservation:
1. Water should be declared a national asset and proper planning has to be done
2. Water should be collected by using the methods of rainwater harvesting
3. Wasting water should be minimised in domestic works
5. Ground water should not be over exploited
6. Water should be recycled and used again
7. Rivers should be linked together for flood control and proper use of water
8. Fountain or drip method should be used for irrigation
First step towards this is the scientific management of water resources using integrated watershed management and the second step is rainwater harvesting.
12. Explain the measures for forest conservation.
Answer: Following measures can be adopted for the protection of the forests:
1. Forests should be cut up into optimal limits with an equal ratio between the rate of forest cutting and plantation
2. Forests should be protected from fire and for this purpose the observation posts and fire protection path should be made
3. Forests have to be protected by spraying insecticides to kill harmful insects and by removing diseased trees
4.More priority should be given to the diverse forest rather than the uniform forest
5. Destruction of forest for agriculture and habitat purpose should be banned
6. Alternative sources of fuel and timber should be adopted to prevent deforestation
7. While planning dams and other multipurpose schemes, the conservation of forest resources should be considered
8. Awakening public awareness about the significance of forests. Chipko Movement, Silent Valley Area and so on are the results of this awareness.Social and voluntary organizations have a great role in forest conservation
9. Give incentive to social farming
10. Rules and regulations of forest conservation should be followed strictly
13. Describe the causes of wildlife extinction.
Answer: There are many causes for the extinction of wildlife. Given here are the reasons:
1. Destruction of natural habitat: Reasons are many for the destruction of animals in the natural habitat. Main causes of this destruction are natural calamities such as earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis and so on. There are also other reasons for wildlife extinction. They are as given:
- Due to population growth the needs of human beings have increased. Humans use forest land for housing, agriculture, and industries, thus causing a crisis in the habitat of wildlife.
- Due to large scale water projects Bhakra Nangal, Tihari, Vyas project and so on the forest land was submerged in water, further resulting in decrease of wildlife habitat.
- Natural habitats were also destroyed by the mining works in the forest, acid rain and more.
- Oil leakage from the oil tankers in the ocean causes the destruction of the habitat of sea organisms.
- Climate around the earth gets hot because of the Greenhouse effect, thus resulting in the destruction of biodiversity.
2. Illegal poaching of wild animals- is illegal hunting of animals. illegal poaching that is highly popular has caused the destruction of many species of animals.
3. Pollution- It is damaging to the forest area, causing environmental pollution and destruction of wildlife species.
4.Conflict between humans and wildlife – Increase in human population and the rise in development activities has caused the destruction of natural habitat for wildlife.
Besides all this, there are other natural, genetic and man-made reasons for the destruction of wildlife.
14. Describe the various traditional methods of water harvesting in Rajasthan.
Answer: Water was harvested in taal-talaiya, tanks, well, johad, step wells and so on. Meanwhile, it also followed other indigenous methods of water harvesting. Given below are the traditional methods of water harvesting in Rajasthan:
Khadeen: A temporary pond manufactured out of soil and built on the base of the sloppy land. It has walls of soil on two sides and a strong stone wall on the third side. The khadeen fills up when the amount of water is high and then it moves on to the khadeen. When the water in it dries, the khadeen is cultivated.
Lake: Both natural and manmade lakes are found in Rajasthan. It is a traditional form of water storage from ancient times. Water leaking out of the lakes causes the water level to increase in the wells, step wells, kumb and so on that can be found below it.
Ponds: Main technique of storing rainwater in Rajasthan. These are separate for men and women. A well, termed Beri, was manufactured at the bottom of the pond. The ancient method of water harvesting still holds its importance. It is a scientific basis for increasing the level of groundwater.
Stepwell: Also known as Baori, this is the oldest method of water harvesting. To go down into the step well, Stairs and Tibare are also on. Then they are decorated with beautiful art work.
Toba- A traditional source of water harvesting in Thar dessert. Even if it is deeper than a nadi, it resembles the naadi.
15. Write an article on the Chipko Movement.
Answer: A progressive step taken for the protection of forests, the main process of the Chipko movement is to protect the forests from contractors and prevent the cutting of trees. This movement began from the Khejarali village in the Jodhpur district of Rajasthan, where 363 vishnoi men gave up their lives along with Amrita Devi vishnoy. In
1730 AD the King of Jodhpur felt the need for timber to construct his palace.For this, the King’s men went to the Khejrali village and started cutting down the Khejri trees. On hearing this sound, Amrita Devi, along with her three daughters, came over and asked the soldiers to please not cut down the trees. However, when the soldiers refused, Amrita Devi and her daughters hugged the trees in order to protect it from being felled. The cruel soldiers just went on to chop them along with the trees. This news spread far and wide causing more people to come and sacrifice their lives the same way. Nearly 363 people gave their lives like that. Even now the Vishnoi community is committed to preserving the plants and wildlife. Following the sacrifice in Khejarli, in the year 1973, the women of Uttarakhand introduced the Chipko movement for protection of trees, which lasted for 8 years. In 1981, the government banned the cutting of green trees in the areas with height above 1000 metres. Sundarlal Bhaguna extended the Chipko movement, following the Khejarli sacrifice.
16. What are natural resources? Describe different types of natural resources.
Answer: Every object that is used directly or indirectly by humans are called resources. If the resources are what we got from nature and if they are being used directly without making any changes to it, then it is called natural resources. Natural resources can be divided into three parts.
1.Based on its development and use
2. Based on the Origin
3. Based on its storage and distribution
According to its use and development, natural resources are further divided into actual resources and possible resources.
Actual resources-those resources whose structure and quantity is known to us and which we are currently using. For example, the quantity of mineral oil in West Asia, the quantity of black soil in Maharashtra and so on.
Possible resources- those resources whose actual quantity or numerical value cannot be guessed and those that are currently not in use but might be useful in the future. Example is Windmill which was a plausible resource two decades or so ago. Uranium found in Ladakh is another resource.
Now, on the basis of origin, natural resources can be divided into two levels, the biotic resources and the abiotic resources.
Biotic Resources– Living things such as plants, animals, humans and so on are biotic resources.
Abiotic Resources- Non-living things such as light, air, sand and more are abiotic resources.
Finally, based on distribution, the natural resources can be divided into universal and local resources.
Universal resources- those which are found everywhere and are easily available. Air is a universal resource.
Local resources– found only in a few places. Copper, Iron and so on are examples.
Natural resources are also further divided into renewable and non-renewable resources. Renewable resources can be produced and used again. Meaning these can be replenished easily. Examples are wind energy, solar energy and so. At the same time, non renewable resources are limited and there is no scope for creation. It takes too long to be manufactured again. Examples are coal, petroleum, natural gas and more.
17. Describe the different species classified by IUCN.
Answer: International Organization, IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) was formed in 1948, resulting from the world wide awareness of people for the conservation of nature. IUCN compiled a book called Red Data Book on all the species that have reached the brink of extinction. IUCN has defined the following five category of species:
1. Extinct Species:-Species that are not surviving today and have gone extinct belong to this category. Examples include Dinosaur (Animal) or Rhynia (Plant).
2. Endangered Species:- Species whose conservation if not taken will end in the near future. Examples are Rhinoceros, Lion and so on.
.3. Vulnerable Species:-Species that are likely to become endangered unless the circumstances threatening its survival and reproduction improve. Leopard, Alligator are examples.
4. Rare Species:-The group of organisms that are uncommon, scarce and can become endangered in the near future. Great Panda or a Snow Leopard.
5. Inadequately Known Species:- Species that exist in this earth, but not much is known about their distribution.
RBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 12 Additional Questions: Textbook Important Questions and Solutions
18. Define water harvesting. Write the main purpose of water harvesting.
Answer: Rain water harvesting is an important measure of recharging the groundwater. It involves collecting the rainwater, allowing it to percolate and discharge down the earth and increase the ground water level. It is done to manage water.
19. What are the three points that should be done to stop or lower the use of coal and petroleum?
Answer: (i) Use CFL bulbs and switch off lights when not needed.
(ii) Use CNG vehicles instead of petrol fuel vehicles
(iii) Use a cycle or walk to go short distances.
20. What does exploiting natural resources with short-term aims mean and how does it differ from the advantages of managing our resources with a long-term perspective?
Answer: Exploiting the natural resources for need and money and making them extinct means to exploit natural resources with short term objectives. However, using the same resources with a long-term perspective means to manage the resources wisely and judiciously. They have to be used in such a manner that they are present for future generations to come, i.e.,sustainable management.
21. What are the two reasons for our failure to sustain availability of underground water?
Answer: Given below are the two main reasons that led to the failure of sustaining the availability of underground water. They are:
1. Population: With the increase in population the demand for water also increases, thus depleting the underground water.
2. Industrialisation: Since the industries require more water to produce its goods, this led to the decrease in the level of underground water.
22. Write about Petroleum.
Answer: A useful mineral like coal, Petroleum is also fossil fuel. Like coal, it is also formed as a result of the vegetation and the organisms burying under earth and getting converted to coal or petroleum because of the extensive heat and pressure. Petroleum produced, thus is the crude oil, unrefined oil, rock oil and so on. It is a thick black liquid that contains various components such as petrol, diesel, kerosene, natural gas, vaseline and lubricants. These components are separated using the fractional distillation method. It is a non-renewable resource of nature. Produced in 100s of years, it is available in limited quantities in nature.
23. What is a bio-diesel?
Answers: Obtained from biological sources and equivalent to diesel as a fuel, the biodiesel is purely made from renewable sources. They can function as traditional diesel engines without any modification. It is a clean substitute for conventional fuels and is considered as the future fuel. Non-poisonous and biodegradable it is not harmful for the environment.
24. Why is earth called the Blue Planet?
Answer: Earth is called a Blue planet, due to the presence of water.
25. What is destructive distillation of coal?
Answer: Bitumen, Coal gas and Ammonia are manufactured when coal is heated at 1000-1400 degree celsius temperature in the absence of air. This process is known as destructive distillation of coal.
26. In India, which are the states where coal is mainly found?
Answer: In India, coal is mainly located in Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Jharkhand, West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh.
27. What is watershed?
Answer: Watershed is an area whose water flows towards one point. It is a geo-morphological unit, a river basin that can be used on the basis of the convenience of small natural areas.
28. What is watershed management?
Answer: Watershed development program in India is run by the collaboration of the ministry of agriculture and rural development and ministry of forests. It is the overall developmental thinking in which the conservation of soil and humidity, flood control, water harvesting, feeding gardens, grasslands, plantations, social forestry and so on programs are inclined. In watershed management, there is an integrated use of agricultural, forestry, techniques for land and water management of a particular region.
29. Why is water a cyclic resource?
Answer: Water is a cyclic resource, because if used judiciously it will not deplete.
30. What are sanctuaries?
Answer: Sanctuaries are protected areas, where there is a complete ban on wildlife hunting. Private organisations are allowed to enter these areas on the stipulation that their activities will be creative and will not adversely affect the wildlife. Some of the sanctuaries are Nagarjun Sagar in Andhra Pradesh, Kedarnath Pranivihar in Uttaranchal and so on.
31. What is a biosphere reserve?
Answer: The natural areas that have been declared as a silent area for scientific study are known as biosphere reserves. These are areas comprising terrestrial, marine and coastal ecosystems. Each of the reserves promotes solutions by reconciling the conservation of biodiversity with its sustainable use. India has 18 biosphere reserves, the first of which was established at Nilgiri in 1986.
Meanwhile, while preparing for exams, after reading through Rajasthan Board 10 Class Science Book, students can attempt the Rajasthan Board Class 10 previous years question papers to understand the RBSE Science paper pattern.
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