The Ranthambore National Park is a national park located in Rajasthan. The park gets its name from the Ranthambore fort located in the same area.
Ranthambore national park is known for its large population of tigers and other wildlife.
This article will give details about Ranthambore National Park within the context of the IAS Exam.
Details of Ranthambore National Park
Initially established as the Sawai Madhopur Game Sanctuary in 1955, the park covered an area of 282 km2. It was declared as one of the Project Tiger Reserves and became a national park as a result on 1 November 1980. The eigouring forests were declared the Sawai ManSingh Sanctuary and Keladevi Sanctuary in 1984. In 1992, the Tiger Reserve was expanded further to include the Keladevi Sanctuary and the Sawai Mansingh Sanctuary as well.
Grassy meadow and dry deciduous forest is part of the topography of Ranthambore National Park. It is also a home to 539 species of flowering plants.
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Further details about the Ranthambore National Park is given in the table below:
| Ranthambore National Park | |
| National Park Area | 275 km² core area. 392 km² including buffer zone |
| Tiger Reserve Area | 334 km². Today it covers 1334 km2. |
| Elevation | 215 to 505 meters above sea level. |
| Wildlife | Bengal tiger, Indian leopard, nilgai, wild boar, sambar, striped hyena, sloth bear |
Find the list of National Parks in India by visiting the linked article.
Flora and Fauna of Ranthambore National Park
Due to its proximity to the Thar desert, the park receives little rainfall, hence its vegetation consists of the dry deciduous type. The prominent tree of the Ranthambore National Park is the ‘Dhok’ and constitutes about 80% of the vegetation cover. Other trees are the Banyan and Pip whose leaves contain medicinal properties..
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There are also fruit trees of mango, Indian blackberry, Ber, Jamun and Tamarind. In addition, there are many trees such as Chhila (Butea monosperma, the flame of the forest),
The Ranthambore is basically rich in Fauna, with the tiger being at the top of the food chain. Other big cats include Leopard, Caracal, Fishing cat and jungle at. Other animals include sloth bear, striped hyena, Jackal, Desert fox etc
Know the Difference Between National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary and Biosphere Reserve, by visiting the linked article.
There are two species of antlers: the spotted deer (chital), and Sambar deer and two kinds of antelopes namely the Indian Gazelle (chinkara ) and the Blue Bull (Nilgai ).
To know more about Biodiversity in general, visit the linked article.
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