Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 1997 Sep;133(2):227-34.
doi: 10.1016/s0021-9150(97)00135-4.

Costimulatory molecules in human atherosclerotic plaques: an indication of antigen specific T lymphocyte activation

Affiliations

Costimulatory molecules in human atherosclerotic plaques: an indication of antigen specific T lymphocyte activation

O J de Boer et al. Atherosclerosis. 1997 Sep.

Abstract

Atherosclerotic plaques contain inflammation, composed largely of macrophages and lymphocytes. A proportion of lymphocytes shows signs of activation, but the question arises whether they are activated in an antigen specific way. The expression of costimulatory molecules-receptors that provide accessory signals during antigen-specific activation is a prerequisite for such a condition. This aspect of inflammation in atherosclerotic lesions has not been investigated. Human arterial segments with diffuse intimal thickening, fatty streaks and atherosclerotic plaques were studied with immuno-single and double staining methods. Macrophages and T lymphocytes were stained with CD68 and CD3, respectively, and pan-B cell markers CD19 and CD22 were also used. Costimulatory molecules B7-1 and B7-2, together with their common ligand CD28, and CD27 with its ligand CD70, were stained with specific monoclonal antibodies. The results show that most T lymphocytes were CD27 positive and that only a subpopulation of these (5-15%) was positive also for B7-1, CD28 and CD70. Macrophages expressed B7-1, B7-2, CD28 and CD70, while macrophages positive for CD28 and CD70 have not been reported yet. The expression of costimulatory molecules was most pronounced in the superficial layers at the fibrous cap, but decreased towards the lipid core. This study shows, therefore, that atherosclerotic plaques provide costimulatory signals generally accepted as a prerequisite for adequate T cell stimulation. In addition, this study reveals that only approximately 5-15% of the lymphocytes appears actively involved in the inflammatory reaction.

PubMed Disclaimer

Similar articles

Cited by

MeSH terms

Substances

LinkOut - more resources