Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2019 Dec 30;12(1):107.
doi: 10.3390/nu12010107.

Using Sensory Cues to Optimise the Satiety Value of a Reduced-Calorie Product Labelled 'Healthier Choice'

Affiliations

Using Sensory Cues to Optimise the Satiety Value of a Reduced-Calorie Product Labelled 'Healthier Choice'

Keri McCrickerd et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Reformulation strategies to reduce the energy density of commonly consumed foods and beverages are intended to support weight management, but expectations generated by labelling these as 'healthier' alternatives can have unintended effects on the product's sensory evaluations and consumption behaviours. We compared the impact of four different strategies for presenting a lower-calorie beverage to consumers on product perceptions, short-term appetite and energy intake. Participants (N = 112) consumed higher- (211 kcal/portion) and lower-calorie (98 kcal/portion) fixed-portion soymilks in the morning across two test days, with the lower-calorie version presented in one of four contexts varying in label information and sensory quality: (1) sensory-matched/unlabelled, (2) sensory-matched/labelled, (3) sensory-reduced (less sweet and creamy)/labelled, and (4) sensory-enhanced (sweeter and creamier)/labelled. The label was Singapore's Healthier Choice Symbol, which also highlighted that the soymilk was lower calorie. Changes in reported appetite, ad libitum lunch intake, and self-reported intake for the rest of the text day were recorded. Results indicated that total energy intake was consistently lower on the days the lower calorie beverages were consumed, regardless of how they were presented. However, the 'healthier choice' label increased hunger prior to lunch and reduced the soymilks' perceived thickness and sweetness compared to the same unlabelled version. Increasing the product's sensory intensity successfully maintained liking, experienced sensory quality and appetite. Results suggest that food companies wanting to explicitly label product reformulations could combine messages of 'lower calorie' and 'healthier choice' with appropriate taste and texture enhancements to maintain acceptance and avoid negative effects on appetite.

Keywords: calorie reduction; eating behaviour; health labelling; satiety; sensory evaluation.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

CFG is on the Scientific Advisory Board for Kerry Health and Nutrition Institute and has received reimbursement for speaking at meetings sponsored by companies selling nutritional products. The authors declare no other conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure A1
Figure A1
Soymilk Assignment and Images.
Figure A2
Figure A2
General Procedure for the Test Days.
Figure 1
Figure 1
The ‘Healthier Choice Symbol’ created by Singapore’s Health Promotion Board [29].
Figure 2
Figure 2
Mean (±95% CI) energy intake across the test day from the fixed breakfast, test drinks, ad libitum lunch intake and food diary records in response to the Original and Reduced calorie beverages consumed in the four contexts. The raw means are presented in Appendix A Table A2.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mean (±95% CI) changes in hunger (AD) fullness (EH) and desire to eat (IL) from pre-breakfast to post-lunch on the days the lower energy (dashed line) and higher energy (black line) soymilks were consumed across the four different contexts.

Similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Rolls B.J. The relationship between dietary energy density and energy intake. Physiol. Behav. 2009;97:5–609. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.03.011. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Marteau T.M., Hollands G.J., Shemilt I., Jebb S.A. Downsizing: Policy options to reduce portion sizes to help tackle obesity. BMJ. 2015;351 doi: 10.1136/bmj.h5863. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Public Health England Sugar Reduction and Wider Reformulation Collection. [(accessed on 31 January 2019)];2017 Available online: https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/sugar-reduction#sugar-reduction.
    1. Public Health England Calorie Reduction: The Scope and Ambition for Action. [(accessed on 31 January 2019)];2018 Available online: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/calorie-reduction-the-scope-a....
    1. Hill J.O., Wyatt H.R., Reed G.W., Peters J.C. Obesity and the Environment: Where Do We Go from Here? Science. 2003;299:5608–5853. doi: 10.1126/science.1079857. - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources