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. 2016 Feb 25:6:22020.
doi: 10.1038/srep22020.

Anti-Microbial Dendrimers against Multidrug-Resistant P. aeruginosa Enhance the Angiogenic Effect of Biological Burn-wound Bandages

Philippe Abdel-Sayed  1 , Ariane Kaeppeli, Thissa Siriwardena  2 , Tamis Darbre  2 , Karl Perron  3 , Paris Jafari  4 , Jean-Louis Reymond  2 , Dominique P Pioletti  1 , Lee Ann Applegate  4
Affiliations

Anti-Microbial Dendrimers against Multidrug-Resistant P. aeruginosa Enhance the Angiogenic Effect of Biological Burn-wound Bandages

Philippe Abdel-Sayed et al. Sci Rep. .

Erratum in

Abstract

Multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa has increased progressively and impedes further regression in mortality in burn patients. Such wound infections serve as bacterial reservoir for nosocomial infections and are associated with significant morbidity and costs. Anti-microbial polycationic dendrimers G3KL and G3RL, able to kill multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa, have been previously developed. The combination of these dendrimers with a class of biological bandages made of progenitor skin cells, which secrete growth factors, could positively impact wound-healing processes. However, polycations are known to be used as anti-angiogenic agents for tumor suppression. Since, neovascularization is pivotal in the healing of deep burn-wounds, the use of anti-microbial dendrimers may thus hinder the healing processes. Surprisingly, we have seen in this study that G3KL and G3RL dendrimers can have angiogenic effects. Moreover, we have shown that a dendrimer concentration ranging between 50 and 100 μg/mL in combination with the biological bandages can suppress bacterial growth without altering cell viability up to 5 days. These results show that antimicrobial dendrimers can be used in combination with biological bandages and could potentially improve the healing process with an enhanced angiogenesis.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Live-Dead assay for the biological bandages after 24 h in presence of AMPDs.
The living cells are shown in green and the dead cells in red. For the negative control cells were killed with methanol 30 minutes before the assay.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Viability of the adult fibroblasts 24 hours in presence of the dendrimers quantified with CellTiter viability Kit.
Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences to positive control group (***p < 0.001, ANOVA, n = 6).
Figure 3
Figure 3. Scratch assay for visualizing keratinocyte migration for G3KL and G3RL dendrimers at 100 μg/ml over 72 hours of cell migration representing wound healing.
Figure 4
Figure 4
(a) Bacterial kinetics in presence of G3KL. (b) Bacterial kinetics in presence of G3RL. (c) Images of the zone of inhibitions: bandages noted with 1 are embedded with G3KL, those noted with 2 are embedded with G3RL and in the middle the control. 100 and 50 corresponds to their respective concentrations in μg/ml. (d) Mean distance of inhibition zone.
Figure 5
Figure 5. Tube formation assay.
(a) Images of the endothelial tubular networks in Matrigel after 5 hours. (b) Graphs of the network characteristics. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences to control (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, paired T-test, n = 6).
Figure 6
Figure 6
(a) Total surface covered by vessels. (b) Total number of junctions in vessels. (c) Total length of the vessels. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences between day 10 and 14 (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, paired T-test, n = 10–11).
Figure 7
Figure 7
(a) Selected growth factors known to have an important role either in angiogenesis or in wound healing or both. (b) Gene expression levels of human progenitor skin cells in presence of G3KL after 1 day and 5 days. Data were normalized by the housekeeping gene B2M. Cells cultured without dendrimer were used as biological control group. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences to the control (*p < 0.05, paired T-test, n = 3).
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