Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in a young child after travel to India
- PMID: 26607130
- PMCID: PMC4843989
- DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00356-4
Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in a young child after travel to India
Abstract
Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis is becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide, but little is known about XDR tuberculosis in young children. In this Grand Round we describe a 2-year-old child from the USA who developed pneumonia after a 3 month visit to India. Symptoms resolved with empirical first-line tuberculosis treatment; however, a XDR strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis grew in culture. In the absence of clinical or microbiological markers, low-radiation exposure pulmonary CT imaging was used to monitor treatment response, and guide an individualised drug regimen. Management was complicated by delays in diagnosis, uncertainties about drug selection, and a scarcity of child-friendly formulations. Treatment has been successful so far, and the child is in remission. This report of XDR tuberculosis in a young child in the USA highlights the risks of acquiring drug-resistant tuberculosis overseas, and the unique challenges in management of tuberculosis in this susceptible population.
Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Comment in
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Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in a young child.Lancet Infect Dis. 2016 Apr;16(4):405-6. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(16)00122-5. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016. PMID: 27036339 No abstract available.
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Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in long-term travellers.Lancet Infect Dis. 2016 Jun;16(6):642-643. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(16)30068-8. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016. PMID: 27301923 No abstract available.
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Successful cure of extensively drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis in a young child.Lancet Infect Dis. 2017 Sep;17(9):898-899. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30457-7. Lancet Infect Dis. 2017. PMID: 28845790 Free PMC article. No abstract available.
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